Genomics and Proteomics Lecture Review

This set of flashcards aims to review key concepts discussed in the course on Genomics and Proteomics, focusing on functional genomics, RNAi, the significance of C. elegans, and various 'omic' approaches.

What is the entirety of an organism's nuclear DNA called?

Genome

What technique utilizes C. elegans for understanding gene functions related to fat storage?

Genome-wide RNAi screen

What is RNA interference (RNAi)?

A method used to silence gene expression.

How is RNAi used in drug development?

It assists in designing new drugs targeting infectious diseases.

What is the primary organism discussed in this course for functional genomic studies?

C. elegans

What does the term 'interolog' refer to in genomics?

A term referring to protein-protein interactions across different species.

What does proteomics study?

The complete set of proteins within a cell/tissue/organism at a point in time.

What is the significance of the Yeast-2-Hybrid system?

It allows the study of protein-protein interactions.

What is transcriptomics?

The study of the complete set of RNA transcripts produced in a cell/tissue/organism.

What is defined as the study of all metabolites in a cell/tissue/organism?

Metabolomics

What was the Human Genome size overview mentioned?

3200 Mb in total, with 1200 Mb for genes and related sequences.

What is a unique feature of C. elegans in gene studies?

It has a high number of genes involved in cell-cell signaling.

What is the role of pTDP-43 aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases like ALS?

They disrupt neuronal function, leading to neurodegeneration.

What does the term 'junk DNA' refer to?

Non-coding regions of DNA, which can include repetitive and transposable elements.

What is the purpose of the 100,000 Genomes Project?

To advance personalized medicine by sequencing genomes.

What are the components analyzed in protein domain analysis?

Genes classified based on their protein structure.

What are microsatellites?

Short, repetitive sequences in the genome.

How does the number of unique genes compare between humans and other vertebrates?

Humans have unique genes, but many share homology with other vertebrates.

What technology allows for high-throughput analysis of gene expression?

cDNA Microarray.

What significant insight does comparative genomics provide?

It helps understand the evolutionary relationships among species.

What defines the interactome?

The complex network of protein-protein interactions in a cell.

What strategy is employed in the Yeast-2-Hybrid system?

Introduction of 'Bait' and 'Prey' constructs to study interactions.

What is a primary application of cancer expression profiling?

Predicting metastatic potential and long-term prognosis.