PSYC1101 - LEARNING

Learning definition

Process that results in a change in behaviour or thought that is based on experience

HABITUATION

a decrease in response to a stimulus after it is repeated many times.

Habituation example

First moving in loud train, eventually you find that the train isn't as noticeable anymore

habituation is a form of _____________ learning

Non-associative

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

when an organism learns how to associate one stimulus with another

classical conditioning is a form of ___________ learning

Associative

1. Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

something that naturally and automatically causes a response without any learning

2. Unconditioned Response (UCR)

the natural automatic response

3. Condition Stimulus (CS)

a previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.

Conditioned Response (CR)

the learned response to the new conditioned stimulus

example: UCS

the meat powder

example: UCR

the salivation to the meat powder

example: CS

the metronome

example: CR

salivation to the metronome

PHASES OF CC: Acquisition

process of learning the CR, requires a noticeable neutral stimulus that reliably and repeatedly occurs shortly before the UCS (contingency)

PHASES OF CC: Extinction

CR fades then disappears if CS is presented without UCS

PHASES OF CC: Spontaneous Recovery

An extinct CR may reappear if the CS is presented again after a break

The law effect

If something good happens after you do something, you're more likely to do it again

OPERATING CONDITIONING

type of learning where behaviour is influenced by its consequences

operating conditioning is a form of __________ learning

also associative

Studying hard and receive $20

Positive Reinforcement

Speeding and receive a fine

Positive Punishment

Parents nag you to clean your room

Negative Reinforcement

Teen breaks curfew and gets grounded

Negative Punishment

Fixed schedule

Predictable

variable schedule

Not predictable, you don't know when you will catch a fish

Ratio rate

Reward based off the number of responses

Interval rate

reward depends on the passing of time

Latent learning

when there is no observed change in performance