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why was the Help criticised for its inaccuracy?
few domestic workers would have risked their jobs to humiliate white employers
mimics role of Mammy in GWTW
Stockett did not live in Mississippi and only interviewed one maid
When was Huckleberry Finn published?
1885
who wrote Huckleberry Finn
Mark Twain
where is Huck Finn set?
Missouri- slave state before Civil War
Twain’s view on slavery
anti slavery
what was the most popular part of Huck Finn showing how it failed to reflect to influence race relations
where the boys prolong Jim’s suffering and slavery
How is Jim presented in Huck Finn?
overly subservient to white characters as he is reliant on them for his freedom
why did NAACP condemn Huck Finn in 1957?
use of racial slurs
How did first illustrations present Jim in Huck Finn
demeaning
How does Twain encourages his readers to change perceptions of race?
Huck comes to journey of self realisation forming his own view of BA
How does Twain present a more dignified view of BA in Huck Finn?
Jim gives up his freedom to save Tom
images of Jim more dignified as 20th century progressed
When was GWTW published?
1936
Author of GWTW
Magaret Mitchell
where is GWTW set
Georgia during Civil War
why is Mitchell’s presentation of idyllic southern society in GWTW criticised
presented a false reality where BA happy to work for WA and society is joyful
how are BA dehumanised in GWTW
Mammy’s face compared to a monkey
Scarlett attacked by a black freeman
How did film adaptation of GWTW show changing perceptions of race
references to KKK removed
removed racial slurs
which group organised boycotts of GWTW film
NAACP
what did GWTW uphold
attitude many WA had towards BA
when was TKAM published?
1960
who wrote TKAM
Harper Lee
where is TKAM set
1930s Alabama
How did TKAM resonate with 1960s American society
issues of fighting for greater black equality in 1930s America paralleled with CR movement in 1960s America
how does TKAM highlight segregation
strong level of white resentment when Atticus agrees to help Tom
How is Tom Robinson presented in TKAM
harmless, innocent and hardworking
Tom refuses to retaliate despite being called foul language in court
how is the black community as a whole presented in TKAM
tolerant and dignified
welcome WA into their church
more moral than some white characters
how are white community presented in TKAM
ignorant and full of racial prejudice
Bob Ewell as ‘white trash’
How does Harper Lee diverge from social norms in TKAM
Boo Radley fights white brutality
Atticus breaches racial divide by helping Tom
how was TKAM limited?
lack of condemnation of racism and stereotyping
marginalisation of black characters
when was UTC published
1852
who wrote UTC
Harriet Beecher Stowe
what was UTC a reaction to
1850 Fugitive Slave Law
what was Beecher Stowe’s opinion
actively sought to defy it e.g. helped to hide runaway slaves
how did UTC have a positive impact on race relations
personalised issue of slavery by focusing on the lives of slaves
what did McPherson say on UTC
most influential indictment of slavery of all time
Lincoln on UTC
the book that started the civil war
how many copies of UTC sold in first year
300,000
what did term ‘Uncle Tom’ come to mean
offensive term to describe subservient BA
What did Douglas describe UTC as in 1865 due to subservience of BA
delusion
why did many members of abolitionist movement criticise UTC
portrayal of slavery and treatment of black slaves not enough to encourage Americans to protest
Beecher Stowe supported colonisation movement
when was Beloved published?
1987
who wrote Beloved
Toni Morrison
when is Beloved set
1800s
despite being set in 1800s why is Beloved still relevant today?
shows how issues of slavery continue to haunt Americans today
why is Beloved’s depiction of slavery praised?
highlights harrowing and haunting effects of slavery
how are white characters portrayed in Beloved
brutal and savage e.g. Schoolteacher
which characters are used by Morrison to highlight harrowing effects of slavery
Paul D and Sethe have hard time accepting their past
when was The Help published
2009
who wrote the Help
Kathryn Stockett
when is the Help set?
1960s Mississippi
which key aspect of race relations does the Help explore?
separation of black and white communities
how does the Help accurately reflect attitudes towards race relations in 1960s Mississippi
black and white people live separate lives in same city
black maids inferior to white employers
how is the Help still relevant?
shoed how integrationist views continued from civil war to 21st century- more reform is needed
why is ending of the Help heavily criticised?
black domestic workers given a happy ending- satisfies white liberals
why are Twain’s motives behind Huck Finn perhaps insincere
only wrote to sell novels, not to criticise institution of slavery
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