Learning to Change: Evolution and Behavior

These flashcards cover key concepts of evolution, natural selection, genetics, and behavior as discussed in the lecture.

What is Natural Selection?

The tendency for characteristics that contribute to the survival of a species to persist, and those that do not to disappear.

What is Sickle Cell Trait (SCT)?

When a single copy of the mutated gene is present, often resulting in no symptoms.

How does Sickle Cell Trait provide an advantage in malaria-prone areas?

Sickle Cell Trait offers a protective effect against malaria.

What are the three basic categories of behaviors influenced by genetics?

Reflex, Modal Action Pattern (MAP), and General Behavioral Trait (GBT).

What is an example of a reflex?

The patellar reflex, which is the relationship between a blow to the patellar tendon and the movement of the foot.

What characterizes a Modal Action Pattern (MAP)?

A series of inherited acts triggered by a specific stimulus.

What is a General Behavioral Trait (GBT)?

A general behavioral tendency that is strongly influenced by genes and more variable than MAP.

What are the limits of Natural Selection?

It cannot protect against invasive species, pandemics, changing environments, or sudden gene changes.

How is learning defined in the context of behavior?

Learning is a change in behavior that is due to experience.

What is Habituation?

A decrease in the intensity or probability of a reflex response resulting from repeated exposure to a stimulus.

What does the Nature vs. Nurture debate revolve around?

Whether behavior is innate (Nature) or learned via experience (Nurture).