MCAT Org Chem Review - Ch. 3+4: Bonding; Analyzing Organic Reactions

Atomic Orbitals and Quantum Numbers

Principle quantum number n
Azimuthal quantum number l
Magnetic quantum number m_l
Spin quantum number m_s
s-orbital
p-orbital
d-orbital
Node

Molecular orbitals

Molecular orbits
Bonding orbital
Antibonding orbital
Sigma bond
Pi bond

Hybridization

Hybrid orbitals
sp³, sp², sp orbitals

Resonance

Conjugation

Acids and Bases

Lewis acids + electron acceptor
Lewis base + electron donor
Coordinate covalent bonds
Bronsted-Lowry definition
Amphoteric

Acid and Base Strength

Acid dissociation constant (K_a)
Alpha carbon + alpha hydrogen

Nucleophiles, Electrophiles, and Leaving Groups

Nucleophiles
Electrophiles
Charge
Electronegativity
Steric hindrance
Solvent
Protic/aprotic

Leaving groups

Leaving groups
Heterolytic reactions
Nucleophilic substitution reactions

Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions

S_N1
Carbocation

Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions

S_N2
Backside attack
Concerted reaction
Stereospecific

Oxidation Reduction Reactions

Redox reactions
Oxidation state
Oxidation vs. reduction
Oxidizing agent

Chemoselectivity

Reactive locations

Steric Protection

Steric hindrance
Steric protection
Protecting group