Earth

4.8(4)
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Get a hint
Hint

constructive force

Get a hint
Hint
<p>any natural process that builds up Earth's surface</p>

any natural process that builds up Earth's surface

Get a hint
Hint

destructive forces

Get a hint
Hint
<p>Any natural process that tears down or wears away Earth's surface.</p>

Any natural process that tears down or wears away Earth's surface.

Card Sorting

1/49

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

50 Terms

1
New cards

constructive force

any natural process that builds up Earth's surface

<p>any natural process that builds up Earth's surface</p>
2
New cards

destructive forces

Any natural process that tears down or wears away Earth's surface.

<p>Any natural process that tears down or wears away Earth's surface.</p>
3
New cards

lithosphere

the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

<p>the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.</p>
4
New cards

asthenosphere

The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move

<p>The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move</p>
5
New cards

crust

Earth's outermost layer.

<p>Earth's outermost layer.</p>
6
New cards

mantle

the layer of the earth between the crust and the core

<p>the layer of the earth between the crust and the core</p>
7
New cards

core

The central part of the earth below the mantle

<p>The central part of the earth below the mantle</p>
8
New cards

magnetic field

a region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts

<p>a region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts</p>
9
New cards

plate tectonics

The theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle

<p>The theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle</p>
10
New cards

landforms

features that make up the earth's surface such as a plain, mountain, or valley

<p>features that make up the earth's surface such as a plain, mountain, or valley</p>
11
New cards

earthquake

the shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface

<p>the shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface</p>
12
New cards

volcano

a vent or fissure in the Earth's surface through which magma and gases are expelled

<p>a vent or fissure in the Earth's surface through which magma and gases are expelled</p>
13
New cards

magma

molten rock beneath the earth's surface

<p>molten rock beneath the earth's surface</p>
14
New cards

lava

liquid magma that reaches the surface

<p>liquid magma that reaches the surface</p>
15
New cards

oceanic crust

earths crust located under the ocean

<p>earths crust located under the ocean</p>
16
New cards

continental crust

The portion of the earth's crust that primarily contains granite, is less dense than oceanic crust, and is 20-50 km thick

<p>The portion of the earth's crust that primarily contains granite, is less dense than oceanic crust, and is 20-50 km thick</p>
17
New cards

surface waves

seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface

<p>seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface</p>
18
New cards

primary waves

waves that travel outward from an Earthquake's focus and cause particles in rocks to move back and forth in the same direction the wave is moving

<p>waves that travel outward from an Earthquake's focus and cause particles in rocks to move back and forth in the same direction the wave is moving</p>
19
New cards

secondary waves

waves that travel outward from an earthquake's focus and move through Earth by causing particles in rocks to vibrate at right angles to the direction of the wave

<p>waves that travel outward from an earthquake's focus and move through Earth by causing particles in rocks to vibrate at right angles to the direction of the wave</p>
20
New cards

seismic

relating to or caused by an earthquake

<p>relating to or caused by an earthquake</p>
21
New cards

mid-ocean ridge

An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary.

<p>An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary.</p>
22
New cards

seafloor spreading

The process that creates new sea floor as plates move away from each other at the mid-ocean ridges

<p>The process that creates new sea floor as plates move away from each other at the mid-ocean ridges</p>
23
New cards

plate boundaries

the edges of tectonic plates

<p>the edges of tectonic plates</p>
24
New cards

continental drift

the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface

<p>the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface</p>
25
New cards

divergent

going in different directions

<p>going in different directions</p>
26
New cards

convergent

coming together

<p>coming together</p>
27
New cards

transform boundary

a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions

<p>a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions</p>
28
New cards

subduction

one plate going under another plate

<p>one plate going under another plate</p>
29
New cards

crystallization

The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure

<p>The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure</p>
30
New cards

decay

to break down or wear away

<p>to break down or wear away</p>
31
New cards

weathering

The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.

<p>The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.</p>
32
New cards

clay

the finest soil, made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.

<p>the finest soil, made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.</p>
33
New cards

loam

A mixture of gravel, sand, silt, clay, and organic matter

<p>A mixture of gravel, sand, silt, clay, and organic matter</p>
34
New cards

humus

material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter

<p>material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter</p>
35
New cards

sand

the coarsest soil, with particles 0.05,2.0 mm in diameter.

<p>the coarsest soil, with particles 0.05,2.0 mm in diameter.</p>
36
New cards

silt

A mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks

<p>A mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks</p>
37
New cards

mineral

a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition

<p>a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition</p>
38
New cards

sedimentary

A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together

<p>A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together</p>
39
New cards

igneous

a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface

<p>a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface</p>
40
New cards

metamorphic

A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.

<p>A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.</p>
41
New cards

pedosphere

The outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil.

<p>The outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil.</p>
42
New cards

vegetative cover

grasses, trees, shrubs, and any other plants that help to hold the soil in place

<p>grasses, trees, shrubs, and any other plants that help to hold the soil in place</p>
43
New cards

agriculture

farming

<p>farming</p>
44
New cards

contour plowing

plowing fields along the curves of a slope to prevent soil loss

<p>plowing fields along the curves of a slope to prevent soil loss</p>
45
New cards

conservation plowing

farmers disturb the soil and its plant cover as little as possible

<p>farmers disturb the soil and its plant cover as little as possible</p>
46
New cards

crop rotation

The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.

<p>The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.</p>
47
New cards

vector

carrier (of disease, for example)

<p>carrier (of disease, for example)</p>
48
New cards

remote sensing

The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods.

<p>The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods.</p>
49
New cards

erosion

Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (i.e. weathering, glaciation)

<p>Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (i.e. weathering, glaciation)</p>
50
New cards

stewardship

Looking after something so it can be passed on to the next generation

<p>Looking after something so it can be passed on to the next generation</p>