Is photography art?

VISIONS – /ˈvɪʒənz/ = Aspiration, Foresight, Ideals

Tầm nhìn, sự hình dung/mường tượng về tương lai Ex: Forward-thinking governments must articulate clear visions for a sustainable energy future to guide current policy decisions.

WORTHWHILE – /ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl/ = Valuable, Significant, Profitable

Đáng giá, xứng đáng, quan trọng Ex: Many students agree that studying abroad is a worthwhile endeavor despite the considerable financial outlay required.

ENUMERATE – /ɪˈnuːməreɪt/ = List, Catalogue, Specify

Liệt kê, kể ra, đếm Ex: When addressing environmental degradation, it is necessary to enumerate the specific factors, such as industrial emissions and deforestation, contributing to the problem.

SUBSTANTIAL – /səbˈstæn.ʃəl/ = Considerable, Significant, Extensive

Đáng kể, lớn lao, quan trọng Ex: The government has invested a substantial sum of money in upgrading the public transport infrastructure to reduce reliance on private vehicles.

IN DETAIL – /ɪn ˈdiːteɪl/ = Thoroughly, Comprehensively, Meticulously

Chi tiết, đầy đủ, cẩn thận Ex: Before implementing any large-scale policy, its potential impact must be investigated in detail by a committee of experts.

THE FORMER – /ˈfɔːrmər/ = The first one, Previous

Cái/Người được đề cập trước (trong hai đối tượng) Ex: While both renewable energy and nuclear power can reduce carbon emissions, the former is generally considered more environmentally friendly due to its lack of radioactive waste.

THE LATTER – /ˈlætər/ = The last one, Following

Cái/Người được đề cập sau (trong hai đối tượng) Ex: Many cities face issues with public transportation and traffic congestion

LIKENESS – /ˈlaɪknəs/ = Image, Portrait, Resemblance

Hình ảnh, bức chân dung

RELIEVE – /rɪˈliːv/ = Ease, Alleviate, Mitigate

Làm giảm bớt, làm dịu đi (cơn đau, sự lo lắng) Ex: Governments often implement tax cuts for low-income earners to relieve the financial burden and stimulate domestic spending.

MITIGATE – /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/ = Ease, Relieve, Lessen

Giảm nhẹ, làm dịu bớt (tác động tiêu cực, rủi ro) Ex: Investing in early warning systems can significantly mitigate the catastrophic impact of natural disasters on vulnerable communities.

DEVOLVE – /dɪˈvɒlv/ = Delegate, Transfer, Hand over

Phân quyền, trao lại quyền hạn Ex: In a centralized system, the national government may choose to devolve power to regional authorities to encourage local participation and efficiency.

UNSTATED – /ʌnˈsteɪtɪd/ = Implicit, Unexpressed, Tacit

Không được phát biểu, ngầm hiểu Ex: Achieving academic success often involves an unstated understanding of the unwritten rules and expectations within the university environment.

INCOMPETENT – /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt/ = Incapable, Inefficient, Lacking skill

Bất tài, thiếu năng lực, không đủ khả năng Ex: The failure of the project was attributed to an incompetent managerial team that lacked the necessary expertise and leadership.

IMAGINATIVE – /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ = Creative, Inventive, Ingenious

Giàu trí tưởng tượng, sáng tạo Ex: Solving complex global challenges requires a generation of scientists and policymakers capable of generating imaginative and sustainable solutions.

EMBODIMENT – /ɪmˈbɒdimənt/ = Personification, Epitome, Manifestation

Sự hiện thân, vật/người tiêu biểu cho một ý tưởng/phẩm chất Ex: Nelson Mandela is widely viewed as the embodiment of resilience and the struggle against injustice in the 20th century.

CULTIVATED – /ˈkʌltɪveɪtɪd/ = Educated, Refined, Civilized

Có học thức, trau dồi, có văn hóa Ex: A genuinely cultivated person should possess not only deep knowledge but also empathy and respect for diverse perspectives.

HUMBLE – /ˈhʌmbəl/ = Modest, Unassuming, Meek

Khiêm tốn, nhún nhường Ex: Despite her phenomenal success in the field of quantum physics, she remains remarkably humble about her achievements and contributions.

SERVANT – /ˈsɜːrvənt/ = Employee, Attendant, Domestic help

Người hầu, người giúp việc Ex: In modern society, technological devices are meant to be servants that aid human life, not masters that dictate our every action.

CLEANSE – /klenz/ = Purify, Wash, Clean out

Thanh tẩy, làm sạch, rửa trôi Ex: Many companies are attempting to cleanse their environmental record by investing heavily in sustainable manufacturing processes.

TRANSCEND – /trænˈsend/ = Surpass, Exceed, Excel

Vượt qua, vượt trội, trội hơn Ex: Truly great works of art often transcend cultural and linguistic barriers, speaking to universal human emotions.

EXTERNAL – /ɪkˈstɜːrnl/ = Outside, Exterior, Outer

Bên ngoài, thuộc về ngoài Ex: Businesses must continuously adapt to various external factors, such as shifting market demands and changes in government regulations.

MENDACIOUSNESS – /menˈdeɪʃəsnəs/ = Dishonesty, Deceitfulness, Falsehood

Tính không trung thực, gian dối (tính từ là mendacious) Ex: The politician was criticized for the mendaciousness of his campaign promises, which were proven to be financially unfeasible.

EXERCISE – /ˈeksərsaɪz/ = Practice, Implement, Put into effect

Thực hiện, sử dụng (quyền hạn, ảnh hưởng)

DISASTROUS – /dɪˈzæstrəs/ = Terrible, Tragic, Catastrophic

Tai hại, thảm khốc, gây họa Ex: The hasty implementation of the new policy proved to be disastrous, leading to widespread confusion and significant financial losses.

HELP-MATE – /ˈhelp meɪt/ = Helper, Partner, Auxiliary

Người trợ giúp, người bạn đời (thường là vợ/chồng) Ex: Historically, the spouse of a political leader has often functioned as a crucial help-mate, advising privately on policy and public relations.

COMMISSION – /kəˈmɪʃən/ = Delegation, Mandate, Task

Ủy ban, nhiệm vụ, tiền hoa hồng Ex: The government established a non-partisan commission to thoroughly scrutinize the ethical implications of using artificial intelligence in judicial processes.

JOURNEY ENTRY – /ˈdʒɜːrni ˈen.tri/ = Diary entry, Log, Record

Ghi chép nhật ký, mục nhật trình hành trình Ex: Researchers use journey entries written by early explorers to gain valuable historical insight into the geographical conditions of the past.

RISE TO/REACH ETC HEIGHTS – /raɪz tuː haɪts/ = Achieve a very high level of achievement or success

Đạt tới đỉnh cao, đạt tới mức độ thành công rất cao Ex: Through sheer persistence and innovative thinking, the startup managed to rise to unparalleled heights within the highly competitive tech industry.

AROUSE – /əˈraʊz/ = Awaken, Stimulate, Provoke

Đánh thức, khuấy động, khơi dậy (cảm xúc, sự quan tâm) Ex: The controversial documentary successfully aroused a great deal of public debate regarding the ethics of factory farming.

UNHEEDED – /ʌnˈhiːdɪd/ = Ignored, Unnoticed, Unattended

Bị bỏ qua, không được chú ý, không được nghe theo Ex: The scientists' warnings about the potential for pandemics went tragically unheeded by policymakers until the global crisis was already underway.

CONSTRAINED – /kənˈstreɪnd/ = Obliged, Forced, Compelled

Bị ép buộc, bị hạn chế, bị kiềm chế Ex: Economic growth in developing countries is often constrained by insufficient infrastructure and reliance on volatile commodity markets.

STRINGENT – /ˈstrɪndʒənt/ = Strict, Severe, Harsh

Nghiêm ngặt, chặt chẽ, khắt khe Ex: Universities are implementing more stringent security protocols to protect sensitive student data from increasing cyber threats.

VILIFY – /ˈvɪlɪfaɪ/ = Disparage, Denigrate, Defame

Phỉ báng, nói xấu, bôi nhọ Ex: In political campaigns, opponents often attempt to vilify each other's policy positions rather than engaging in constructive dialogue.

DISMISS – /dɪˈsmɪs/ = Reject, Shed, Shun

Bác bỏ, gạt bỏ, sa thải Ex: Critics were quick to dismiss the new novel as overly simplistic, despite its powerful emotional resonance with readers.

EMPHATIC – /ɪmˈfætɪk/ = Absolute, Unquestionable, Assertive

Dứt khoát, mạnh mẽ, tuyệt đối, rõ ràng Ex: The chairperson issued an emphatic rejection of the proposal, citing insufficient funding and potential long-term environmental damage.

AMBIGUOUS – /æmˈbɪɡjuəs/ = Vague, Unclear, Equivocal

Mơ hồ, không rõ ràng, đa nghĩa Ex: The conclusion of the research was deemed ambiguous because the methodology used did not clearly define the parameters of the study.

CONDUCIVE – /kənˈdjuːsɪv/ = Favorable, Beneficial, Promoting

Có lợi, dẫn đến, góp phần vào Ex: A quiet, well-lit environment is far more conducive to intense study and concentration than a noisy, distracting setting.

INSIGHT – /ˈɪnsaɪt/ = Understanding, Perception, Awareness

Sự thấu hiểu, cái nhìn sâu sắc Ex: Qualitative research methods are essential for gaining deep insight into consumer behavior and underlying motivations.

REVERIE – /ˈrevəri/ = Daydream, Trance, Fantasy

Sự mơ màng, trạng thái mơ tưởng, ảo mộng Ex: While the student was lost in a reverie about his upcoming trip, he missed the professor's crucial instructions for the final assignment.

DETERIORATE – /dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt/ = Worsen, Decline, Degenerate

Xấu đi, xuống cấp, suy thoái Ex: If timely measures are not taken, the condition of the ancient historical monument will continue to deteriorate due to weather and pollution.

OBLIQUE – /əˈbliːk/ = Indirect, Slanted, Evasive

Xéo, xiên, gián tiếp, lảng tránh (ý nghĩa) Ex: Instead of giving a direct answer, the spokesperson offered an oblique response that failed to address the core cencerns of the reporters.

EVANESCENT – /ˌiːvəˈnesənt/ = Fleeting, Momentary, Transient

Thoáng qua, phù du, mau phai Ex: The beauty of the morning mist on the lake is evanescent, disappearing completely as the sun rises higher in the sky.

PREDICAMENT – /prɪˈdɪkəmənt/ = Dilemma, Quandary, Difficult situation

Tình thế khó khăn, tình trạng bối rối Ex: The small business found itself in a financial predicament after the unexpected cancellation of a major contract.

INTRICATE – /ˈɪntrɪkət/ = Complex, Elaborate, Detailed

Phức tạp, rắc rối, tinh xảo Ex: The artist spent months mastering the intricate patterns required for the traditional lacework design.

SUPPRESS – /səˈpres/ = Restrain, Quell, Hold back

Đàn áp, kìm nén, ngăn chặn Ex: Dictatorial regimes often attempt to suppress dissenting voices and limit the freedom of expression through stringent laws.