Musculoskeletal System

Musculoskeletal System

Bones, joints, and muscles

Bone

Provides support and protects the internal organs of the body

Joints

Places at which two bones meet

Muscles

Pull against the bones and cause body movement

Diaphysis

Long main portion of a bone

Epiphysis

The two ends of a bone

Flat Bones

Provide a broad surface for muscular attachment and protection

Short Bones

Cube-shaped bones having a spongy core, with limited movement

Axial Skeleton

Protects the body's most vital organs

Appendicular Skeleton

Makes motion possible and protects the organs of digestion, reproduction, and excertion

Vertebrae

The 26 bones of the adult vertebral column

Herniated Nucleus Pulposus

Slipped of ruptured disk

Cervical Vertebrae

The seven vertebrae which supports the neck

Thoracic Vertebrae

The twelve vertebrae which support the chest

Lumbar Vertebrae

The five vertebrae which support the lower back

Sacrum

The five vertebrae that are fused together to form the pelvic girdle

Coccyx

Tailbone

Thorax

Chest

Craniomalacia

Softening of the skull

Cervicofacial

Pertaining to the face and neck

Laminectomy

Excision/removal of the lamina

Costovertebral

Pertaining to the ribs and backbone

Thoracodynia

Pain in the chest

Arthrodesis

Stabilization of a joint

Humeroulnar

Pertaining to the ulna and humerus

Brachiocephalic

Pertaining to the head and arm

Carpal

Pertaining to the wrist

Metacarpectomy

Excision/removal of the bones of the hand

Phalangeal

Pertaining to the bones of the fingers and toes

Pelvimetry

To measure the pelvis

Lumbodynia

Pain in the lumbar region

Iliac

Pertaining to the lateral flaring portion of the hip bone

Ischial

Pertaining to the lower portion of the hip bone

Femorotibial

Pertaining to the tibia and the femur

Patellapexy

Surgical fixation of the kneecap

Calcaneodynia

Pain in the heel bone

Pedicure

Care of the foot

Podiatry

The study of feet disorders

Acromioclavicular

Pertaining to the collar bone and the scapula

Anklyosis

Abnormal condition of a stiff joint

Chondritis

Inflammation of cartilage

Myelocele

Hernia of a spinal cord

Myosclerosis

Abnormal condition of hardening of a muscle

Subluxation

A partial or incomplete dislocation

Tenotome

Instrument used to cut

BK

Below the knee

Osteoporosis

Condition of having porous bones

Arthroscopy

Visual examination of a joint

Bone Scan

Nuclear medicine used to study and visually detect bone abnormalities

Open Reduction

Open surgery to set fractured bones

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Condition in which the median nerve is compressed at the wrist causing pain

Claudication

Limping

Exacerbation

To increase in severity of symptoms or disease

Scoliosis

Lateral curvature of the back

Osterclast

To break a bone

Myalgia

Muscle pain

Myobradia

Slow muscle movement

Myoid

Resembling muscle

Myokinesis

Muscle movement

Osteitis

Inflammation of a bone

Osteotomy

Incision into a bone

Tendonitis

Inflammation of a tendon

Bursitis

Inflammation of the bursa

Ligament

Connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Tendon

Connective tissue that conects muscle to bone

Myomelanosis

Darkening of muscle tissue

Myospasm

Twitching of a muscle

Myoneural

Pertaining t muscle and nerves

Genu Varus

Condition of bowleg

Genu Valgus

Condition of knock-knee