Biology: Control and Coordination

Flashcards covering the concepts of control and coordination in biological systems, including the nervous and endocrine systems, homeostasis, and the stimulus-response model.

Coordination and Control

The body's communication systems acting to protect from physical harm, involving the nervous and endocrine systems.

Multicellular Organisms

Organisms where cells cannot survive independently and must work together, requiring coordination and control.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of a stable internal environment to ensure cells can survive and function efficiently.

Stimulus

Change in the internal or external environment.

Receptors

Special nerve cells located in sense organs that identify changes inside and outside the body.

Photoreceptor

Light receptor, found in the eye.

Mechanoreceptor

Sound receptor, found in the ear.

Thermoreceptor

Temperature receptor, found in the skin.

Chemoreceptor

Chemical receptor for taste and smell.

Control Centre (Central Nervous System)

Includes the spinal cord and the brain which processes information from receptors and sends signals to effectors.

Effector

Muscle or gland that responds to a message received from the control center.

Negative Feedback

When the response REDUCES the stimulus, maintains homeostasis.

Positive Feedback

When the response INCREASES the stimulus.

The nervous system and The endocrine system

The two systems responsible for coordinating and controlling your body