A+P II Final Exam - Digestive and Endocrine System

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ?

a) teeth

b) tongue

c) digestive tube

d) salivary glands

c) digestive tube

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ?

a) liver

b) alimentary canal

c) gallbladder

d) pancreas

b) alimentary canal

Which of the following is NOT equal?

a) digestive tube

b) GI tract

c) alimentary canal

d) stomach

d) stomach

The __________ is a tube extending from the mouth to anus, around 20 ft

a) digestive tube

b) oral tube

c) gastrointestinal tube

d) pharyngeal tube

a) digestive tube

Which of the following is NOT included in the GI tract?

a) teeth

b) oral cavity

c) pharynx

d) esophagus

a) teeth

Which of the following is NOT included within the alimentary canal?

a) stomach

b) small intestine

c) large intestine

d) pancreas

d) pancreas

True or false: The digestive tube opens OUTSIDE at both ends (mouth and anus)

True

_________ = food into mouth

a) ingestion

b) secretion

c) motility

d) digestion

e) absorption

f) defecation

a) ingestion

_________ = release of enzymes, hormones, and/or fluids

a) ingestion

b) secretion

c) motility

d) digestion

e) absorption

f) defecation

b) secretion

_________ = muscular contractions —> mixing (combining) and propulsion (moving things along)

a) ingestion

b) secretion

c) motility

d) digestion

e) absorption

f) defecation

c) motility

_________ = breakdown of large molecules

a) ingestion

b) secretion

c) motility

d) digestion

e) absorption

f) defecation

d) digestion

_________ = uptake of nutrients into GI tract epithelial cells —> then into blood

a) ingestion

b) secretion

c) motility

d) digestion

e) absorption

f) defecation

e) absorption

_________ = elimination of indigestible substance + waste products

a) ingestion

b) secretion

c) motility

d) digestion

e) absorption

f) defecation

f) defecation

___________: cutting + grinding of teeth; contraction of small and large intestine

a) mechanical digestion

b) mechanical absorption

c) chemical digestion

d) chemical absorption

a) mechanical digestion

___________: hydrolysis of macromolecuules to monomers via enzymes

a) mechanical digestion

b) mechanical absorption

c) chemical digestion

d) chemical absorption

c) chemical digestion

Which of the following is NOT the same?

a) tongue

b) mouth

c) oral cavity

d) buccal caviity

a) tongue

Which of the following is NOT a function of the mouth?

a) ingestion

b) mastication

c) chemical digestion

d) absorption

e) speech

f) respiration

d) absorption

Boundary of the lip includes the lateral ________

a) cheeks

b) palate

c) tongue

d) lips

a) cheeks

Boundary of the lip includes the superior ________

a) cheeks

b) palate

c) tongue

d) lips

b) palate

Boundary of the lip includes the inferior ________

a) cheeks

b) palate

c) tongue

d) lips

c) tongue

Boundary of the lip includes the anterior ________

a) cheeks

b) palate

c) tongue

d) lips

d) lips

The roof of the mouth contains all of the following except:

a) hard palate

b) soft palate

c) tongue

d) uvula

c) tongue

__________: anterior part of the roof, 2/3, BONE, separates oral cavity from NASAL cavity

a) hard palate

b) soft palate

c) tongue

d) uvula

a) hard palate

__________: posterior part of the roof, 1/3, muscle, separates oral cavity from nasopharynx

a) hard palate

b) soft palate

c) tongue

d) uvula

b) soft palate

__________: part of roof, midline muscular flap that hangs down from soft palate

a) hard palate

b) soft palate

c) tongue

d) uvula

d) uvula

_________: skeletal muscle covered with mucous membrane

a) tongue

b) papilla

c) lingual frenulum

d) ankyloglossia

a) tongue

_________: mucous membrane projections covering the DORSUM of tongue; different types which vary in 1) shape and 2) location prevalence

a) tongue

b) papilla

c) lingual frenulum

d) ankyloglossia

b) papilla

_________: fold of mucous membrane which connects part of the tongue to the bottom of the oral cavity

a) tongue

b) papilla

c) lingual frenulum

d) ankyloglossia

c) lingual frenulum

If the lingual fenulum is too SHORT —> tongue movement interference —> speech difficulties ==> ____________ (“tongue tied”)

a) tongue

b) papilla

c) lingual frenulum

d) ankyloglossia

d) ankyloglossia

___________: embedded in a bony ridge in the jaw called the “alveolar ridge” (spaces that it fits in)

a) teeth

b) upper jaw

c) lower jaw

d) gingivae

a) teeth

___________: maxilla

a) teeth

b) upper jaw

c) lower jaw

d) gingivae

b) upper jaw

___________: mandible

a) teeth

b) upper jaw

c) lower jaw

d) gingivae

c) lower jaw

___________: gums; epithelial and connective tissue covering the alveolar ridge

a) teeth

b) upper jaw

c) lower jaw

d) gingivae

d) gingivae

True or False: Every tooth is divided into the 3 segments of the root, crown, and neck

True

__________: part embedded in the alveolar ridge

a) root

b) crown

c) neck

d) dentin

a) root

__________: part projecting into the oral cavityy

a) root

b) crown

c) neck

d) dentin

b) crown

__________: slightly cronstricted area between the crown and root

a) root

b) crown

c) neck

d) dentin

c) neck

__________: hard, yellow calcified CT (similar to bone) that makes up the bulk of the tooth

a) root

b) crown

c) neck

d) dentin

d) dentin

_________: bone-like substance which covers the dentin of the root

a) root

b) cementum

c) periodontal ligament

b) cementum

_________: fibrous membrane which anchors the cementum to the alveolus

a) root

b) cementum

c) periodontal ligament

c) periodontal ligament

__________: hard, white crystalline substance covering the DENTIN of the crown

a) crown

b) enamel

c) neck

d) dentin

b) enamel

____________: central cavity within the dentin; contains pulp which consists of specialized connective tissue containing blood vessels and NERVE

a) pulp cavity

b) root canal

c) apical foramen

d) dental cavity

a) pulp cavity

____________: extension of the pulp cavity into the root

a) pulp cavity

b) root canal

c) apical foramen

d) dental cavity

b) root canal

____________: opening at the end of each root canal through which blood vessels and nerves can enter and exit

a) pulp cavity

b) root canal

c) apical foramen

d) dental cavity

c) apical foramen

____________: aka carie; point of ENAMEL DESTRUCTION due to acids + enzymes produced by oral bacteria

a) pulp cavity

b) root canal

c) apical foramen

d) dental cavity

d) dental cavity

True or false: There are 4 types of teeth

True

__________: front, chisel-shaped, cutting (very front, usulally lose first)

b) canines

c) premolars

d) molars

a) incisors

__________: singe cone; tear (like fangs, sharp)

a) incisors

b) canines

c) premolars

d) molars

b) canines

__________: aka bicuspids; broad crowns; crush; non in baby teeth

a) incisors

b) canines

c) premolars

d) molars

c) premolars

__________: very back of the mouth

a) incisors

b) canines

c) premolars

d) molars

d) molars

___________: produce saliva which facilitates the fragmentation and swallowing of food

a) salivary glands

b) endocrine glands

c) exocrine glands

d) neuro glands

a) salivary glands

True or false: there are 3 pairs of MAJOR salivary glands and numerous MINOR salivary glands

True

True or false: Minor salivary glands secrete continuously, under local control

True

True or false: Major salivary glands secrete continuously, under local control

False

________ salivary glands secrete MOST of the saliva; secrete in response to PARASYMPATHETIC stimulation

a) major

b) minor

a) major

__________ gland: major salivary gland; largest, below + anterior to the ear, duct empties opposite 2nd upper molar (MUMPS)

a) parotid

b) submandibular (submaxillary)

c) sublingual

a) parotid

__________ gland: major salivary gland; medial to angle of mandible

a) parotid

b) submandibular (submaxillary)

c) sublingual

b) submandibular (submaxillary)

__________ gland: major salivary gland; floor of mouth

a) parotid

b) submandibular (submaxillary)

c) sublingual

c) sublingual

___________: muscular passageway (constrictors); food passes from mouth —> oropharynx —> laryngopharynx —> esophagus

a) teeth

b) salivary glands

c) pharynx

d) peritotneum

c) pharynx

___________: double layered SEROUS membrane; made up of a parietal and viseral party

a) teeth

b) salivary glands

c) pharynx

d) peritoneum

d) peritoneum

___________: lines the walls of the abdominal cavity

a) parietal peritoneum

c) visceral peritoneum

d) parietal cavity

e) mesentary

a) parietal peritoneum

___________: COVERS some of the abdominal ORGANS; continuous with the parietal peitoneum

a) parietal peritoneum

c) visceral peritoneum

d) parietal cavity

e) mesentary

c) visceral peritoneum

___________: space between the parietal and visceral layers

a) parietal peritoneum

c) visceral peritoneum

d) parietal cavity

e) mesentary

d) parietal cavity

___________: two layered fold of parietal peritoneum that suspends some of the organs in the abdominal cavity (name goes with organ being suspended —> ex: mesocolon = suspends colon)

a) parietal peritoneum

c) visceral peritoneum

d) parietal cavity

e) mesentary

e) mesentary

From the esophagus —> ______, the wall has the same basic arrangement of four functional layers

a) stomach

b) anus

c) mouth

d) intestine

b) anus

Which of the following is NOT a functional layer of the GI tract wall?

a) mucosa

b) submucosa

c) muscularis

d) perimetrium

e) serosa/adventitia

d) perimetrium

Order these layers of the GI tract from deepest to most superficial

I) muscularis

II) mucosa

III) serosa/adventitia

IV) submucosa

a) II, IV, I, III

b) IV, II, I, III

c) I, II, III, IV

d) II, IV, I, III

d) II, IV, I, III