Personality Theories and Freud's Psychoanalysis

A set of flashcards based on personality theories discussed in the lecture, particularly focusing on Freud's psychoanalytic theory and associated concepts.

Personality

The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character.

Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

A theory that suggests human behavior is motivated by unconscious desires and conflicts.

Id

The primitive part of personality that operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate satisfaction.

Ego

The rational part of personality that operates on the reality principle, mediating between the id and the superego.

Superego

The moral component of personality that represents societal rules and morals.

Pleasure Principle

The motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain, associated with the id.

Reality Principle

The capacity to delay gratification and consider external reality, associated with the ego.

Ego Defense Mechanisms

Psychological strategies used by the ego to protect itself from anxiety and to maintain balance between id and superego.

Repression

A defense mechanism that pushes distressing thoughts and feelings out of conscious awareness.

Displacement

A defense mechanism that redirects emotional responses from the original source to a more accessible target.

Oedipus Complex

A child's feelings of desire for the opposite-sex parent and jealousy toward the same-sex parent.

Psychosexual Development Stages

Stages proposed by Freud that describe how personality develops in childhood through specific erogenous zones.

Oral Stage

The first psychosexual stage, where pleasure centers on the mouth, occurring from birth to about 1.5 years.

Anal Stage

The second psychosexual stage, focusing on toilet training and control, occurring from ages 1.5 to 3.

Phallic Stage

The third psychosexual stage, where pleasure focuses on the genitals, and gender identity develops, occurring from ages 3 to 6.

Latency Period

The psychosexual stage from ages 6 to puberty, characterized by a focus on social skills and friendships.

Genital Stage

The final stage of psychosexual development, starting at puberty, with a focus on mature sexual relationships.

Neo-Freudians

Psychologists who expanded upon Freud's theories, often focusing on social and cultural factors.

Karen Horney

A neo-Freudian theorist who emphasized the role of relationships in personality development.

Alfred Adler

A neo-Freudian who introduced the concept of the inferiority complex and the importance of birth order.

Carl Jung

A neo-Freudian who proposed the concepts of collective and personal unconscious.