Corneal Degenerations Flashcards

Flashcards for Corneal Degenerations

Corneal Degeneration

Normal cells undergo degenerative changes due to age or pathological conditions.

Arcus Senilis

Most common peripheral opacity, age-related (common > 60 yrs), annular lipid infiltration, asymptomatic, no treatment.

Arcus Juvenalis

Rare arcus senilis, occurs < 40 yrs, associated with Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I & II, Coronary heart disease

Vogt’s White Limbal Girdle

Common, Bilateral, 60% > 40 yrs, Arc-like white crescenteric lines @ 3 & 9 o’clock

Vogt’s White Limbal Girdle Type I

Less common type of Vogt's White Limbal Girdle with Swiss cheese hole pattern; clear area between lesion & limbus.

Vogt’s White Limbal Girdle Type II

More common type of Vogt's White Limbal Girdle with No holes; no juxta-limbal zone

Cornea Farinata

Bilateral, Flour-like deposits in the deep stroma; Grey-brown to white; Visually insignificant

Crocodile Shagreen

Crocodile skin appearance, Bilateral symmetric, Elderly, Polygonal, greyish-white opacities separated by clear zone.

Band Keratopathy

Calcium deposits in epithelium, BM, anterior stroma. Starts peripherally (lucid interval) progresses to horizontal band.

Spheroidal Degeneration

Bilateral, more common in males, Factors: UV, wind exposure, welding burns. Deposits of proteinaceous material (sub-epithelial, BM, sup stroma).

Salzmann Nodular Degeneration

Rare, non-inflammatory, slowly progressive. Hyaline material anterior to BM. Discrete, Grey/blue-grey elevated nodules. Linked to: chronic irritation/inflammation

Lipid Keratopathy

Yellow/cream lipids deposits in superficial cornea. Primary is spontaneous; Secondary is post-injury/infection.

Mooren’s Ulcer

Painful peripheral corneal ulceration of unknown cause. Autoimmune, no systemic disorder. Risk Factors: trauma, corneal surgery, infection

Benign Mooren’s Ulcer

Older, less aggressive, responsive to treatment of Mooren's Ulcer

Malignant Mooren’s Ulcer

Young, Bilateral, Aggressive, Unresponsive to treatment of Mooren's Ulcer

Terrien’s Marginal Degeneration

Painless, bilateral, slowly progressive thinning of peripheral cornea. Stromal thinning, intact epithelium, overlying pannus & lipid @ leading edge. Against-the-rule astigmatism

Pellucid Marginal Degeneration (PMD)

Bilateral crescent-shaped inferior thinning. No inflammation. 2nd–5th decade. Often misdiagnosed as keratoconus