Psychology Chapter 1: Key Concepts and Historical Perspectives

Psychology

Science

Scientific Attitude

Skeptical, not cynical; open mind, not gullible.

Curiosity

Does it work?

Skepticism

What do you mean?

Humility

Let's explore more.

Critical Thinking

Evaluate evidence, question assumptions, analyze behavior rather than accepting immediately.

Aristotle

Asked correct questions.

Wilhelm Wundt

Established the first psychology lab; referred to as the 'atoms of the mind.'

Structuralism

Break down conscious experiences into basic elemental components through introspection.

Edward Bradford Titchener

Associated with the concept of 'stream of consciousness.'

Functionalism

Focus on the purpose and adaptive function of human thoughts, behavior, and consciousness.

Humanistic Psychology

Focus on growth potential, need for love and acceptance, and environment that nurtures or limits growth.

Cognitive Psychology

Involves mental processes such as perceiving, learning, remembering, thinking, and communicating.

Cognitive Neuroscience

Links brain activity to cognition.

Plato

Believed in inherited character and intelligence.

Darwin

Argued for natural selection.

Social-Cultural Influence

Includes the presence of others and cultural, societal, and family expectations.

Learned Fear

Expectation of an emotional response based on cognitive processing and perceptual interpretation.

empirical approach

evidence based