Lactic Acid and Ethanol fermentation

Lactic acid fermentation

The reversible reduction of pyruvate to lactate using 1 NADH and releasing 1 NAD+

What enzyme does lactic acid fermentation?

Lactate dehydrogenase

Why does the body need to do lactic acid fermentation?

In step 6 of glycolysis, NAD+ is used up and never replenished. Lactic acid fermentation replenishes the NAD+ lost to that glycolysis can continue

How many NAD+ are released by lactate fermentation PER PYRUVATE

1

Ethanol fermentation

Anerobic breakdown of pyruvate into cellular energy, producing CO2 and ethanol as byproducts

Does ethanol fermentation use oxygen?

No, its anaerobic

What happens to pyruvate in ethanol fermentation

Its reduced to ethanol

Why is ethanol fermentation beneficial in relation to glycolysis?

Is regenerates NAD+, which is used up in glycolysis

What is the general equation for ethanol fermentation (not including cofactors)?

Pyruvate —> Acetaldehyde —> Ethanol

What is the key intermediate between pyruvate and ethanol in ethanol fermentation

Acetaldehyde

What enzyme converts pyruvate to acetaldehyde

pyruvate decarboxylase

What cofactors are INPUT and OUTPUT in the first step of ethanol fermentation where pyruvate is converted to acetaldehyde

Input: Mg2+, TPP

Output: Co2

What enzyme converts acetaldehyde to ethanol in ethanol fermentation?

Alcohol dehydrogenase

What cofactors are input and output in the second step of ethanol fermentation when acetaldehyde is converted to ethanol?

Input: NADH

Output: NAD+

What does alcohol dehydrogenase do?

catalyzes both the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and the reverse reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol

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