UCSP Term Examination Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering core concepts of kinship, family structures, residence rules, cultural concepts, body personality types, and social interactions for the UCSP examination.

Kinship

A socially recognized relationship between people based on blood, marriage, or ritual/adoption.

Household

The place where family members live and function as an economic and social unit.

Consanguineal Kinship

Kinship based on blood relationships, such as existing between parents and children, siblings, or nieces/nephews and aunts/uncles.

Descent

A biological relationship between parents and their offspring.

Lineage

The line where one's descent is traced.

Unilineal Family

A principle of descent where both males and females are members, but descent lines are recognized only through the relatives of either the male or female member.

Patrilineal Descent

A form of unilineal descent where both males and females belong to the kin group of their father.

Matrilineal Descent

A form of unilineal descent that is traced through the female line.

Bilateral Descent

Kinship traced through both ancestral lines of the mother and father.

Affinal Kinship

The type of relations developed when a marriage occurs.

Marriage

An important social institution wherein two persons, a man and a woman, enter into family life.

Endogamy

Also called compulsory marriage, a custom practiced by ethnic, religious, or aristocratic groups to marry within their own group.

Exogamy

Also called out-marriage, a custom requiring an individual to marry outside their own group, community, or social class.

Monogamy

A marriage where an individual has only one male or female mate or partner.

Polygamy

The practice of having more than one partner or sexual mate.

Polygyny

A form of polygamy where a man has multiple female partners or mates.

Polyandry

A form of polygamy where a woman has multiple male partners or mates.

Patrilocal

A rule of residence occurring when married couples stay in the house of the husband's relatives or near the husband's kin.

Matrilocal

A rule of residence happening when couples live with the wife's relatives or near the wife's kin.

Bilocal

A rule of residence happening when the newly married couple stays with the husband's relatives and the wife's kin alternately.

Neolocal

A rule of residence where the newlyweds can decide independently where to live.

Avunlocal

A rule of residence where the newlyweds should live with or near the maternal uncle of the groom.

Arranged Marriages

Marriages in which parents, community leaders, or religious officials determine the marital partner of the individual.

Child Marriage

An arrangement by parents for the marriage of their child long before it takes place, to be consummated in the future.

Exchange Marriage

A form of marriage involving a reciprocal exchange of spouses between two countries, tribes, or groups.

Diplomatic Marriage

An arranged marriage established between two royal or political families to forge political or diplomatic alliances.

Modern Arranged Marriage

A marriage form where the child's parents choose from possible mates with the consent of the child.

Compadrazgo

Literally translated as godparenthood, a ritualized form of forging co-parenthood or family through Catholic rituals like baptism, confirmation, and marriage.

Patriarchal

A group in which the father or eldest male is recognized as the head of the family, kinship group, or tribe.

Matriarchal

A group in which the mother or eldest female is recognized as the head of the family, kinship group, or tribe.

Equalitarian

The equal sharing of practical responsibilities and decision making by men and women.

Divorce

Legal separation of man and wife, affected by the judgement or decree of court.

Annulment of Marriage

To nullify, abolish, or make void a marriage by competent authority.

Legal Separation

Also known as relative divorce, meaning separation from bed and board while the parties remain married.

Cohabitation

Two people living together in a sexual relationship without marriage.

Nuclear Family

A family unit consisting of two parents and their dependent children.

Extended Family

A family consisting of a nuclear family and those people related to its members by blood ties.

Blended Family

A family type, sometimes called a step family, where parents have children from previous relationships but all members form a new family unit.

Ethnocentrism

Evaluating another culture only by the standards of one's own culture and believing one's culture is superior.

Xenocentrism

Preference for imported goods or the assumption that anything from abroad is better.

Xenophobia

Fear of what is perceived as foreign or strange.

Enculturation

The process by which a person learns the beliefs, values, norms, and behaviors of their own culture.

Socialization

A lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture.

Conformity

Following the accepted rules, values, and behavior of a group or society.

Deviance

Violating the accepted rules, values, and behavior of a group or society.

Acculturation

The process by which a human being acquires the culture of a particular society.

Material Culture

Consists of the tangible, physical objects that people create and use.

Non-Material Culture

Comprises the intangible ideas, beliefs, and values that shape a society.

Endomorph

Relaxed, outgoing people who like physical comfort and eating.

Ectomorph

People who shrink from big crowds, noise, and distractions, and have numerous complaints, allergies, and insomnia.

Mesomorph

Active people who walk and talk, often behave aggressively, and are troublemakers with a strong chance to become delinquent.

Focused Social Interaction

Interaction involving direct, active communication and shared attention between people.

Unfocused Social Interaction

Interaction happening when people share a physical space but do not actively talk or engage with each other.

Exchange

A social interaction where people do something for each other with the expressed purpose of receiving a reward or return.

Cooperation

A process where people act together to promote common interest or achieve shared goals.

Conflict

An interaction arising when people or groups have incompatible values.

Coercion

An interaction occurring when one of the parties in a conflict is much stronger than the other.

Competition

A form of conflict in which individuals or groups confine their conflict within agreed-upon rules.