UNIT 1 IT ALEVEL

What is an input device ?

its a device where it allows data to be entered into the computer

What are some examples of an input device ?

QWERTY keyboard, mouse, microphone

What is an output device ?

its a device that display information from the computer

What are some examples of an output device ?

printers, plotters, speakers, headphones, projector

What are also some examples of output screens ?

VDU (Visual Display Unit). LCD (Liquid, Crystal Display), LED (Light Emitting Diodes)

What does ergonomic mean ?

designed specifically

What are some examples of ergonomic IT equipment ?

Chairs, Keyboard and Mouse

What are those equipment specifically designed for ?

conditions like back problems and carpel tunnel syndrome

What is CPU stand for ?

Central Processing Unit

What is the CPU known as ?

the brains of the computer but also where the calculations take place

What are the two parts of the CPU?

the control unit and arithmetic and logic unit

What is the main function of the CU (Control Unit)

it transfers instructions and data from input or storage devices to a temporary storage called registers

What is the main function of the ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit)

it performs the calculations such as add, subtract but also compare values like equal to, greater than or less than

What is the motherboard ?

the motherboard is essentially where everything connects

What are some examples of storage ?

hard drive, solid state, flash

What are some examples of ports ?

USB, firewire, network

what are the 3 main memories ?

RAM, ROM and Cache

What does RAM stand for ?

Random Access Memory

What does ROM stand for ?

Read Only Memory

what is the main feature of cache ?

its the fastest memory inside the CPU

What is a limitation about cache ?

it is very expensive

What kind of device is MODEM ?

communication device

What are some other examples of communication devices ?

Hub, Switch, NIC, Wireless Network Card, Wireless router

What can the switch do that the hub can’t ?

it can identify machine numbers

What does MODEM stand for ?

Modulator and Demodulator

What does the modulator do ?

converts analogue signals to digital signals for the computer to understand

What does the demodulator do ?

converts digital signals to analogue signals to go through the telephone

What does WI-FI stand for ?

Wireless Fidelity

between WI-FI and Bluetooth, which one allows connection to many devices at once ?

WI-FI

What type of range is it and how long for WI-FI ?

its a long range with 300 metres

What type of range is it and how long for Bluetooth ?

its a short range with 10 metres only

What is a similarity between WI-FI and MODEM ?

they both can connect to the internet but also convert analogue to digital or digital to analogue

between WI-FI and MODEM, which one offers wireless features ?

WI-FI

What is computer speed measured in ?

Hertz (Hz)

What is an embedded system ?

a computer system built into a large machine for only a specific purpose

What are some examples of an embedded system ?

washing amchine, satnav, fridge

What are the 6 types of computer systems ?

desktop, server, tablet, embedded system, mainframes and quantum computer

What is a mainframe ?

one of the most expensive computers with many cores to enable to process information faster

What kind of industry would have a mainframe computer ?

banks

What are the three types of wired connectivty ?

COAXIAL, fibre and unshielded twisted pair

What types of cables are these ?

copper

What are the 6 types of wireless connectivity ?

bluetooth, WI-FI, microwave, infrared, laser and GSM

What are the different generations ?

1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G

What is a RFID ?

its a radio frequency identification which uses frequency to transfer information from your card

What is NFC ?

its near field connection which allows contactless payment

What is NIC ?

its a network interference card which connects laptops to the network or internet

What are 3 main types of connectivity hardware ?

identifying hardware faults, troubleshooting tools and documentation/fault management

What are some examples of hardware faults ?

power surge, poor maintenance, accidental and intentional damage and also malware or viruses

What are the 3 troubleshooting tools ?

POST beep code, PING test and IPconfig/IFconfig

What does POST beep code stand for ?

Power On Self Test

What are the 5 devices used in communcation ?

hub, MODEM, switch, WAP and router

What does WAP stand for ?

Wireless Access Point

What are the characteristics of HUB ?

it connects multiple computers in a network as well as allow to send messages to all computers at once

What is better about HUB than SWITCH ?

it is cheaper

What is limitation about HUB ?

a security nightmare, unauthorised access to information

What are the characteristics of SWITCH ?

it connects multiple computers together in a LAN and can also differentiate computers apart using MAC

What is better about SWITCH than the HUB ?

it is more clever

What are the characteristics of the ROUTER ?

it sends packets of data between different networks and is typically used to share broadband internet connection to multiple computers

What does ADSL stand for ?

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

What does ADSL do ?

it is a broadband connection that works through coper wires of existing phone lines

What is ADSL mainly used for ?

home broadband and also within small businesses

What is a dedicated leased line ?

a leased line that gives you a singular line all to yourself

How does it give you a whole singular line to yourself ?

by allowing there to be no busy periods or dips in data devices

What does a based line give ?

a dedicated connection between our premises and the local exchange

What are the smallest bits ?

0 and 1

What does 4 bits equal to ?

a nibble

what does 8 bits equal to ?

a byte

What is BITS short for ?

Binary Digits

What does binary mean ?

two parts