Chapter 20: American Democracy, Then and Now

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16 Terms

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Political culture
The people's collective beliefs and attitudes about government and political processes
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Bloc
Part of the Old System, which were organized interests representing business, farming, labor, ethnic, and professional groups
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Domestic issues
Issues concerning internal affairs, for example race, healthcare, taxes, etc.
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Foreign issues
Issues concerning international relations, for example global trade, wars, countering terrorism, etc
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The Old System
Characterized by small agendas and small leadership circle with very centralized powers
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The New System
Characterized by large agendas, multiplication of interest groups, and decentralized powers
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Elite democracy
A belief that certain groups hold disproportionate power in a political system
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Pluralist democracy
A theory of government and politics emphasizing that politics is mainly a competition among groups, each one pressing for its own preferred policies
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Popular sovreignty
A government in which the people rule by their own consent.
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Dual Federalism
A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policiescooperative federalism
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Cooperative federalism
A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government.
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Participatory democracy
A system of democracy in which all members of a group or community participate collectively in making major decisions
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Direct democracy
A  government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly through a system of representation
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Representative democracy
A type of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people
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Republic
A government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives responsible to them and governing according to law
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Checks and balances
A system that allows each branch of a government to amend or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power