OTC meds pharm (ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin)

what OTC analgesic should not be administered for pregnant patients?

NSAIDS like ibuprofen and aspirin

what if an NSAID is absolutely needed for a pregnant patient?

the smallest possible effective dose for the shortest time may be administered, only up to the 20th week of gestation though.

what OTC analgesic CAN be used during pregnancy?

acetaminophen

why is aspirin not recommended for use with children under 16?

there is a possiblity of Reye’s Syndrome to occur which causes swelling in the liver and brain and can be fatal.

what are some risks of usage of acetaminophen while having an alc addiction or chronic renal or hepatic disease?

hepatotoxicity or liver damage is a risk. another risk is Stevens-Johnson Syndrome where the affected have flu-like symptoms then have rashes and blisters which then cause the top layer of skin to die and slough off.

what are some mainfestations of acetaminophen toxicity?

emesis, right upper quadrant pain, excessive bleeding, encephalopathy, metabolic acidosis, and elevated liver enzymes

what is thromboembolism?

a blood clot that forms in a vein most commonly in lower leg, thigh, pelvis, or lungs

what OTC analgesic NSAID should the patient not use if they have had history with cardiovascular/renal disease or bleeding in the GI tract?

ibuprofen

what adverse symptoms of aspirin that should be immediately reported to a provider?

black stool, tinnitus, or rashes

what classification(s) of drugs are non OTC analgesics usually?

opioid agonists and adjuvants

fentanyl, codeine, and morphine are all what classification of drug?

opioid agonists

antidepressants, anticonvulsants, steroids, and anesthetics are all what class of drug?

adjuvants

describe the admin of aspirin

taken with 240ml (8oz) of water and food. client must remain upright for 15-30 min after consumption, don’t crush or chew enteric-coated tablets. PO, Rectal, IV routes

contraindications for aspirin?

salicylate allergy, bleeding disords, pregnancy after 20 weeks gestation, age of 16 and below

how can you educate a client for aspirin?

avoid drinking alcohol while using aspirin, don’t take with other NSAIDS or acetaminophen for a few days unless instructed by provider otherwise, report any black stool, tinnitus, or unexpected bleeding/bruising. notify your provider of recent use of aspirin before a surgery

what are uses of asprin?

prevent myocardial infarction, stroke, decrease fever, joint swelling, and pain

aspirin class(es) of drug

NSAID and salicylate

Ibuprofen class(es) of drug

NSAID

action of ibuprofen?

inhibits prostaglandins in CNS and peripherla tissues

admin of ibuprofen?

take with milk, antacid, or food to combat GI upset. tbalets can be crushed and mixed. taken with 240ml (8oz) of fluids and remain upright for 15 or 30 min. do not exceed 3200mg per day in adults

common side effects that may be seen with ibuprofen

nausea, constipation, or abdominal discomfort

adverse effects of ibuprofen

cardiovascular distress, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, GI bleeding, dermatological issues, blood dycrasias, anaphylaxis

contraindications of ibuprofen

clients with or at risk of renal disease, dehydration, or bleeding disords; clients who often consume alcohol. clients with cardiovascular disease; older clients with asthma, hepatic disease, nephrotoxic meds (increased renal toxicity), nasal polyps and/or aspirin intolerance. 6 months of age and below should not use ibuprofen

client education for ibuprofen

do not use for more than 10 days for pain relief or more than 3 days for a fever without consulting a provider.

acetaminophen details are not in the slide deck yet sorry!! :(

function of antacids?

neutralize acids in stomach and can be used for mild heartburn and indigestion

are there any prescribable antacids?

no, they are all otc

what products can cause constipation with antacids? diarrhea?

calcium and aluminum containing products can cause constipation, and magnesium products can cause diarrhea

patients with what should have caution with antacids?

patients with heart failure, renal insufficiency, or any conditions resulting in fluid overload should be cautious with usage of antacids

patients using calcium-containing antacids for prolonged periods should be wary of what?

hypercalcemia

what are manifestations of hypercalcemia?

nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, renal calculi, confusion, and arrythmia

admin of antacids?

admin 1-1.5 hours after meals and at bedtime with 240ml (8oz) of water. administer at least 1 hour apart from other PO meds