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What is an autotroph?
An organisms that uses simple inorganic raw materials and energy to produce their own complex organic molecules like lipid, carbohydrate and protein. |
What is a photoautotroph? |
An organism that converts light energy to chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis e.g. green plants, algae and photosynthetic bacteria (e.g. cyanobacteria). |
What is a heterotroph? |
An organism that breaks down complex organic molecules into simple soluble ones and absorbs them e.g. animals, fungi and some bacteria. |
Which organ in the plant would have the most chloroplasts in its cells? |
a leaf
Which tissue in a leaf would have the most chloroplasts in its cells? |
palisade mesophyll tissue
What are the three reactions that take place during photosynthesis? |
Photolysis The light dependent reaction The light independent reaction |
What is the jelly-like substance in the centre of a chloroplast called? |
stroma
What is the function of the stroma? |
site of light independent reaction
What is the function of the thylakoids? |
site of light dependent reaction
What are the lamellae (singular lamella) in a chloroplast? |
extensions of the thylakoids that extend from one granum to another. As they are part of the thylakoids, the light dependent reaction happens on lamellae. |
What is a granum (plural grana)? |
a stack of thylakoids
How are chloroplasts and mitochondria similar? |
- They are both surrounded by double membranes. - They both contain a gel-like substance in the centre (matrix/stroma) which is similar to the cytoplasm. - They both have their own DNA. |
What is a photosynthetic pigment? |
A coloured biological compound, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. |
What does phosphorylation mean? |
addition of a phosphate
What is photophosphorylation? |
The addition of a phosphate (to ADP to make ATP) in the chloroplasts during photosynthesis and due to the absorption of light energy. |
