Controversies in Theory Freud and Beyond Ch 8

homogeneous

Critics often dismiss psychoanalysis as it was an integrated, ________________ point of view.

What do virtually all psychoanalytic theorists believe about the complexity of the mind?

They believe in the complexity of the mind.

What is considered important by psychoanalytic theorists?

The importance of unconscious mental processes.

What do psychoanalytic theorists value in their practice?

A sustained inquiry into subjective experiences.

Contemporary psychoanalysis

____________________________ has become quite complex and varied.

university

Accurately characterized as a ______________ unto itself, with many different theories and area of knowledge coexisting in an intricate and complicated relationship with one another.

Political Issues

Issue of which theory can lay claim to be truly psychoanalytic.

Clinical Efficacy

Issue of which theory inspires a therapeutic application that is deeply curative.

Issues of Loyalty

Issue of competing allegiances to different founding mothers and fathers.

comparative psychoanalysis

Only recently has __________________ emerged as a field of study in its own right.

trauma

Is psychopathology the result of _________, healthy development thrown off course by destructive events and actual experiences?

early childhood fantasy

Is psychopathology the result of misinterpretation of early experience due to the warping impact of ___________________________?

nature vs. nurture

The psychoanalytic debate between proponents of trauma and proponents of fantasy is a reflection of the much broader philosophical debate concerning ________________________ that has raged throughout history of western thought.

infantile sexuality

Freud's momentous shift in 1897 from the theory of infantile seduction to the theory of ______________________ began to define the debates that are ongoing among current analytic theoreticians.

redefinition of "trauma"

The key feature of this "shift" was the __________________ from a childhood event (like sexual molestation) to parents' chronic failure to meet psychological needs of the developing child.

Winnicott's concept of impingement

A prototype for a way of thinking that has characterized this entire generation of psychoanalytic theorizing.

Holding environment, good enough mother

The delicate beginnings of personal experience can be sustained only in the protective __________________ , created by the attention of the ordinary ___________________________.

Impingement

The failure to protect the delicate state necessary for psychological growth and health.

1st way a mother fails a child

By allowing external stimulation to reach painful levels.

2nd way a mother fails a child

By intruding intro the base state of drifting quiescence.

3rd way a mother fails a child

By allowing the child's internal needs to build to frustrating levels.

Trauma

_________ is not just the introduction of something dramatically negative, frightening, and noxious (ex: precocious sexual stimulation)

the failure to sustain something positive

Trauma is fundamentally _______________________________________, the neccessary conditions for human psychic development

cumulative trauma

Khan (1963) termed Winnicott's theory of the disturbing impact of a lack of good-enough mothering a theory of ____________________ resonating with Freud's earlier seduction hypothesis, but in a different fashion.

parental character pathology

The child is not traumatized by a sexual event, per se; the child is traumatized by ________________________.

relational theories

Freud's exploration of infantile sexuality and the emphasis on the inevitable conflictual nature of instinctual drives eventually provoked a whole generation of __________________ that swung back to the other side of the dialectic, emphasizing experience once again.

Treating Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse (1993)

Book by Jody Messier Davies and Mary Gail Frawley

Neurosis

_____________ was seen as the product of mental warfare, the psyche at odds with itself.

sexual and aggressive drives

Impulses deriving from childhood _______________________ are in conflict with each other.

Superego

Guilt

Ego

Anxiety

oedipal victor

Paul fantasizes himself as an _________________.

homosexual

A passive _______________ longing to assume a feminine position in relation to a powerful paternal figure.

unconscious conflict

Paul cannot continue to develop as a person because his conscious experience is determined by struggles he doesn't have access to.

childhood experience

The awareness of unconscious conflicts and their origin in his ______________ will set him free.

fantasy-dominated

He will come to understand his sexuality and agression are not as dangerous as they appear in _________________ childlike mine.

Arrested development

The root of difficulties in living

thwarted

Paul's problem is not that he is at unconscious odds with himself, but that his early development was _________ by the absence of the certain crucial parental provisions that are required for psychological growth.

repression

The central defense in the classical conflict model is ___________________

arrested-development model, dissociation

The _____________________ is often presented in concert with an understanding of defensive processes centered on _________________ rather than repression.

survival of the fittest

Following Darwinism, human sexuality was thought about in the context of the evolution of species, natural selection, and the ___________________.

sexuality

Civilization transformed our lives in many complex ways, but civilization is working against the dark, dominated by ________________.

interactive

Nature and Nurture are now generally regarded as less distinct, separable causes and more as _______________, mutually created sets of processes.

father

The figures Paul compared himself to were symbolic representatives of the __________ he longed for as a child.

disassociation

The arrested development model is presented with an understanding of defensive processes centered on _________________, rather than repression.

bedrock

Freud though gender was...

anatomy

Freud viewed _____________ as destiny.

Gender

_____________ development was merely a corollary to the development of sexuality

penis

Freud believed boys valued their...

castration anxiety

The fear of becoming feminized

castrated and inferior

For Freud, girls view the boy's anatomy as the basic body model. This leaves them feeling...

postmodern

The depiction of our contemporary world is...

nature

Science was the progressive, incremental accumulation of knowledge, brining us to a understanding of and control of ____________.

scientific

Psychoanalysis is an empirical discipline; it produces _______________ facts that are testable through clearly defined procedures.

realm of nature

Freud believed the psychoanalytic method was one that allowed an the analyst to access a ________________.

narrative truth, historical truth

Spence argues that psychoanalysis deals more with ________________ than _________________.

free associations

The patients ________________ do not simply contain expressions of underlying dynamics; the patient's associations have to be constructed in some fashion

theoretical

They are generally assembles, Spence demonstrated, according to the analyst's preconceived __________________ commitments.

narrative storylines

In Shafer's view, all psychoanalytic understandings are necessarily reductive and operate along what he has termed __________________.

social constructivism

Yet another approach to these issues has been developed by Irwin Hoffman under the label _____________________.

dynamic interactions of transference and countertransference

Gadamer's version of hermeneutics