Cell organelles and structure quiz

cell

smallest unit of that displays the properties of life

2 types of cells and what are they

prokaryotic: does not contain nucleus and organelles(smaller)

eukaryotic: does contain nucleus and organelles(bigger)

plasma membrane(cell membrane)

• separates and protects cell

• allows material to enter and exit

• plays important role in cell communication

cytoplasm 

• part of the cell between the cell membrane and nucleus 

• contains cytosol which is a jelly-like fluid that organelles sit in

nucleus

• membrane bound region that contains cells DNA

• control center of the cell

• most noticeable part of the cell 

• surrounded by a nuclear membrane that regulates the flow of materials in and out of the nucleus 

• materials move through the nuclear pores in membrane

ribosomes 

• main function is to produce proteins for the cell 

• some float freely in cytoplasm, others are attached to the endoplasmic 

endomembrane system

creates, distributes, and stores molecules

• nuclear membrane

• smooth ER

• rough ER

• Golgi apparatus

• lysosomes

• vacuoles

• cell membrane 

never smell really good looking valentine cookies 

rough endoplasmic reticulum

• granular apperance

• rough because it has ribosomes

• plays important role in protein synthesis that will be exported from the cell

• transports things around the cell

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

• carries materials through cell

• contains enzymes that detoxifies poisons that enter the cell

• produces lipids

golgi apparatus 

• series of membranes that look like pancakes 

• sorts, packages, and ships proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates

• gathers simple molecules and combines them to make molecules that are more complex 

lysosomes

• small sac-like organelle

• digestion and recyclying

• stomach of the cell(lower PH)

• when organelles are old or damaged they digest them

• destroys bacteria and other foreign material

vacuoles

sac like organelle that stores food and water for the cell

• plant cell: one big vacuole

• animal cell: many small vacuoles

mitochondria

• provides energy for the cell

• cite of cellular respiration

centrioles 

• key part of cell reproduction

• moves cell parts during cell division