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What does a viral plaque assay test for?
Plague forming units, specifically viral titer
What type of cells work for viral plaque assay?
Cytolytic cells
How does viral plaque assay work?
it’s a viral dilution that is placed on a culture, the cells are stained and then the plagues are counted
How does a Hemagglutination assay work?
a hemagglutination virus is placed into the well with RBCs, it will then coagulate together and don’t form a dot in the bottom.
What does a Hemagglutination assay test for?
A Hemagglutinating virus
How does a Hemagglutination inhibition assay work?
Uses antibodies to help determine what the virus is. the antibodies are added into the well along with the virus and RBCs, if there is no hemagglutination then it’s that virus
What does a Hemagglutination inhibition assay test for?
used to determine antibody titer
What assays test for the antigen?
Agglutination Assay
Immunofluorescence
Immunohistochemistry ELISA
Western blots
What assays test for parts of the pathogen?
PCR, rt-PCR
Southern (DNA) and Northern (RNA) blots
What assays test for antibodies?
ELISA
Immunofluorescence
Western Blots
What assays test for Pathologic response?
Pathology
Clinical Signs
Clinical Chemistry
Blood Cell Counts
What are the three steps of PCR?
Denaturation
Annealing
Extension
What happens during the denaturation step of PCR?
DNA strands are sepreated
What happens during the Annealing step of PCR?
Primers are attached to each end
What happens during the Extension step of PCR?
the copies and replicates are made
How does a lateral flow assay work?
Sample is applied at one end of the strip and any antibodies present diffuse along it until they reach where the appropriate antigen is immobilized
What are the three ways to test for viruses?
Cell culture
RT-PCR
Immunofluorescence
