(10/6-10/13) Chapter 9: Substance Use, Abuse, and Addiction

Substance Use Disorder (SUD) (Hint: 4)

Pattern of impairment

Characterized by risky use of drugs/substance

Poor control over use

Mild, moderate, or severe

What two substances cause more death/injury/illness than any other preventable health conditions

Alcohol

Tobacco

Drug Abuse (Hint: 2)

Dependency and tolerance

Functional impairment 

What are the 2 most commonly used drugs in the world

Alcohol

Tobacco

What are the 5 modes of transmission

Inhalation

Intravenously

Orally

Skin

Rectally

Tertatogen

Agent that will harm developing fetus

Agonist

Substance mimics existing NT

Antagonist

Blocks effects of a substance/NT

Withdrawal (Hint: 2)

Physical response

Psychological response

Tolerance

Progressively decreasing responsiveness to a frequently used substance

List the 6 classes of drugs

Hallucinogens

Stimulant

Depressant

Opiates

Barbiturates

Marijuana

List 2 examples of hallucinogens

LSD

Mushrooms

List 3 examples of stimulants

Caffeine

Amphetamines

Cocaine

List 2 examples of depressants

Alcohol

Benzos

List 2 examples of opiates

Heroine

Prescription opiates

List 1 example of a barbiturate

Amlobarbitol

List the 3 Addiction Models

As a disease

Pleasure-Seeking Model

Social Learning Model

“As a disease” Model

Medical model

Clear, biological vulnerability

Withdrawal-relief process

Withdrawal-relief process

People become ddicted to a substance becsue of abnormally low NT levels

Pros of the “As a disease” Model

Depression has low NT, which shows proof that this could happen

Con of the “As a disease” Model

Doesn't explain why they started, just an explanation to why they continue

Pleasure-Seeking Model (Hint: 3)

The reward process is malfunctioning

Addiction is motivated by reward/pleasure seeking

Dopamine

Social-Learning-Modell (Hint: 2)

Interaction model that highlights cognitive/leaning/social factors

Linked especially to teens/young adults

What 3 areas of the brain are impacted by alcohol

Cerebellum

Prefrontal cortex

Hippocampus

What is the legal BAC limit

0.08

What is the death BAC limit

0.35

What are some interferences with body and brain that happens with alcohol 

Dysregulation of cell function

Disruption of neurogenesis

Atrophy of brain

Thiamine absorption is poor

Decreased immune system function

Decreased endocrine function

Men: Decreased testosterone and increased impotence

Women: Decreased estrogen and menstrual disturbance

Decreased cardiovascular function

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Liver issues

What are some cognitive issues that come from alcohol use

Behavior disinhibition (prefrontal cortex)

Memory disturbances (Alcohol myopia)

What are some treatements for alcohol additction

• CBT

  • B: adjustment of behaviors

    • Titrating use (weaning)

    • Change environment

• Medication

  • Anabuse

    • Throws up after ingesting alcohol

    • Problem: People stop taking

• AA/rehab

  • C: why are they abusing alcohol