comp sci test prep chap 1-2

Input

Any data the computer collects from people and from other devices

Output

responses from the input

Syntax

rule of language

A ___ structure can execute a set of statements only under certain circumstances

A) sequence

B) circumstantial

C) decision

D) Boolean

C; decision

A ___ structure provides one alternative path of execution

A) sequence

B) single alternative decision

C) one path alternative

D) single execution decision

B; single alternative decision

In pseudocode, the If-then statement is an example of a _____

A) sequence structure

B) decision structure

C) pathway structure

D) class structure

B; decision structure

A(n) _______ expression has a value of either true or false

A) binary

B) decision

C) unconditional

D) Boolean

D; Boolean

The symbols > < and == are all _______ operators

A) relational

B) logical

C) conditional

D) ternary

A; relational

A(n) ______ structure test a condition and then takes one path if the conditon is true, or another path if the condition is false

A) if-then statement

B) single alternative decision

C) dual alternative decision

D) sequence

C; dual alternative decision

You use a(n) _____ statement in psuedocode to write a single alternative decision structure

A) test-jump

B) if-then

C) if-then-else

D) if-call

B; if - then

You usee a(n) ______ statement in psuedocode to write a dual alternative decision structure

A) test-jump

B) if-then

C) if-then-else

D) if-call

C; if-then-else

A ______ structure allows you to test the value of a variable or an expression and then use that value to determine which statment or set of statements to execute

A) variable test decision

B) single alternative decision

C) dual alternative decision

D) multiple alternative decision

D; multiple alternative decision

A(n) _____ section of a select case statement is branched to if none of the case values match the expression listed after the select statement

A) else

B) default

C) case

D) otherwise

B; default

AND, OR, and NOT are _______ operators

A) relational

B) logical

C) conditional

D) ternary

B; logical

A compound Boolean expression created with the ______ operator is true only if both of its subexpressions is true

A) AND

B) OR

C) NOT

D) EITHER

A; AND

A compound Boolean expression created with the ______ operator is true if either of its subexpressions is true

A) AND

B) OR

C) NOT

D) EITHER

B; OR

The ____ operator takes a Boolean expression as its operand and reversees its logical value

A) AND

B) OR

C) NOT

D) EITHER

C; not

True/False; You can write any program using only sequence structures

False

True/False; A program can be made of only one type of control structure. You Cannot combine structures

False

True/False; A single alternative decision structure tests a condition and then takes one path if the condition is true, or another path if the condition is false

False

True/False; A decision structure can be nested inside another decision structure

True

True/False; A compound Boolean expression created with the AND operator is true only when both subexpressions are true

True

Short answer: Explain what is meant by the term conditionally executed

The program will only be executed if the user inputs a certain condition or it would be skipped.

Short Answer: You need to test a condition and then execute one set of statements if the condition is true. If the condition is false, you need to execute a different set of statements. What structure will you use?

If-else

Short Answer: If you need to test the value of a variable and use that value to determine which statement or set of statements to execute, which structure would be most straightforward to use?

switch-case

Short Answer: Briefly explain how the AND operator works

The different sets of expressions must be true in a boolean expression in order for the code to be executed

Short Answer: Briefly explain how the OR operator works

Only one set of the expressions must be true for the code to be executed

Short Answer: When determining whether a number is inside a range, which logical operator is it best to use?

AND

good way to define variable name

camelCase

Assignment statement example

Set price = 20

Math operators

Data type

Integer = stores only whole number

Real = whole or decimal numbers

string = any series of characters

Pseudo code

Fake code used as a model for programs; no syntax rules

named constant

a value that can't be changed

Comments

known as "internal documentation" ex: //

And operator

both conditions HAS TO BE TRUE

OR operator

only one needs to be true

Rational Operators

x > y; x < y; x >= y; x <= y; x == y; x != y

Strings comparing

use rational operators

code set up

cout statement

output statement; ex: cout << "hello world" << endl;

cin statement

read the input statement from user

single alternative decision

if - then

dual alternative decision

if-then-else

decision

A __ structure provides one alternative path of execution

single alternative decision

In pseudocode, the If-Then statement is an example of a 

decision structure

relational

Dual alternative decision

if - then - else

Multiple alternative decision

Conditional

flag

What’s the term “conditionally executed”

program will only get executed if the user inputs a certain condition otherwise it gets skipped

if else

switch-case

AND