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definition
a psychological state in which can individual loses their personal identity and takes on the identity of the social group when e.g. in a crowd or wearing a uniform result may be to free the individual from the constraints of social norms
zimbardo
distinguished bw an individuated and de-individuated behaviour in an ind-state
private self awareness
the experience of de-ind can be explained in terms of 2 types of self awareness
concerns how we pay attention to our own feelings and behaviour
public self awareness
refers to how much we care about what other ppl think of our behaviour
research into de-individuation
dodd was a psych teacher who developed a classroom exercise to illustrate de-ind asked 229 undergrad psych students in 13 classes this Q if you could do anything humanly possible w complete assurance tat you could not be detected or held responsible what would you do? aware that their responses were anonymous 3 independent raters who did know the hypothesis decided which categories of antisocial behaviour the responses belonged to
findings
36% of responses involved some form of antisocial behaviour 26% criminal acts 9%were prosocial behaviours-such as helping ppl study demod a link bw anonymity
strength
P-looked at aggressive online behaviour in chatrooms and uses of instant messaging E-found a strong correlation bw anonymity and and flaming
limitation
P-some research studies show that de-ind does not always lead to aggression E-in the deviance in the dark study
strength
P-conducted a study where female ppts had to give fake electric shocks to a confederate E-in one condition
strength
P-de-ind theory can help us to understand aggressive behaviour in online gaming services such as xbox live E-these services have many features that promote a psychological state of de-individuation E-there is a reduction of personal identity w players using handles to identify themselves:game playing in such an env is arousing and immserive and there is the presence of a crowd in the form of a potentially worldwide audience L-cyber bullying can be explained by de-ind
