Food/Drug interactions

food decreases the absorption of ______ (3)

tetracycline, alenbronate, isoniazid

food increase the absorption of ______ (2) by decreasing gastric pH

itraconazole

list 2 drugs that required to be taken with a high fat meal

ritonavir capsules and posaconazole

patient is taking phenelzine, an MAOi, which of the following drugs the patient must avoid taking?

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A. food that are high in fructose

B. food that are high in Vitamin K content

C. grapefruit juice

D. red wines

red wines

list some tyramine-containing foods

aged foods (red wines, aged cheese, meats, vegetables, yeasts, soy products)

what are the ADR of consuming aged foods with MAOi?

HA, tachycardia, HTN

>5 mg of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) can cause what if combined with levodopa (drug for Parkinson)?

increase conversion of levodopa to dopamine and decrease levodopa effects

true or false

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increase sodium intake can decrease serum lithium (use for bipolar disorder) concentration because the body increases renal excretion of lithium

true

_______ should be supplement when patient is taking long-term isoniazid for TB infection

vitamin B6

_______ must be supplement after ingestion of Methotrexate

folic acid

________ is an antidote of warfarin overdose

vitamin K

true or false

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char-broiled meats can induce CYP1A2 and CYP3A4.

if false, why?

false. only induce CYP1A2

________ is a strong CYP3A4 inducer

phenobarbital

which drug cause decrease in systemic folate, vitamin D, vitamin B6 and B12?

phenobarbital

________ increases enzymatic metabolism

high protein diet

_________ decrease hepatic enzyme systems

low protein diet

_______ can extend drug half-lives and causing drug effects to be more pronounced

low protein diet

• CYP3A4 inhibitor

• p-glycoprotein inhibitor

• CYP2A6 inhibitor

• increase bioavailability of drugs

• lots of DDI

grapefruit juice

which of the following food induce CYP1A2?

A. Aged cheese

B. Red wines

C. Char-broiled meats

D. Grapefruit juice

char-broiled meats

list the most 2 most common drug classes that have drug-food interactions with grapefruit juice?

• statins (atorvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin)

• dihydropyridine CCB

induces 3A4, 2E1, 2C19, and p-glycoprotein

st.john wort

which of the following drugs/foods decrease estrogen metabolism and anticoagulant serum level?

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A. phenobarbital

B. MAOi

C. grapefruit juice

D. St.John’s Wort

st. John’s wort

true or false

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amphetamines and bulk forming laxative and decrease appetite (make a person less likely to be craving for food)

true

list the drugs that can cause changes in taste or smell (5)

• metronidazole

• clarithromycin

• bromocriptine

• lithium

• captopril

• antifungal

what are the Gi symptoms of antidepressants?

weight changes, dry mouth, GI distress

which anticonvulsant drug can induce NV and decrease calcium absorption (increasing the risk for osteoporosis), while impair folate metabolism (increase risk for macrocytic anemia)?

phenytoin

list the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor drugs

• disulfiram

• metronidazole

• tinidazole

• cephalosporin antibiotics