Human Vision and Visual Displays

Flashcards about human vision and visual displays including cognition, sensation, and perception in HCI, the visual system, visual and graphic design differences, effective visual graphics, and Fitts' Law application in HCI.

What is sensation?

Refers to the quick, fairly unprocessed outcome of sensory receptor stimulation.

What is perception?

The activity by which organisms perceive and organize sensations to bring about a meaningful experience in the real world.

What is cognition?

Algorithmic programs can be interchanged in this.

What are the key differences between sensation, cognition, and perception?

Perception may come to the brain through sensory input and retained subconscious memory. Cognition is the process of acquiring knowledge through thought, experience, and/or sensory perception. Sensation involves perceiving the environment through taste, smell, vision, sound, and touch.

What is the relation of sensation, cognition, and perception to HCI Design?

Sensation, perception, and cognition are crucial for HCI design, influencing aspects like tactile/voice recognition, decision-making, and communication with systems.

What is information transduction?

In physiology, it's a shift in stimulus from one form to another, often involving neural activities and neurotransmitters.

What is a cortical homunculus?

A warped image of the human body based on an anatomical map of brain areas for motor or sensory functions.

What are perceptual distortions?

A confusion or incorrect interpretation of a perceptual experience, potentially linked to physical damage or neurological/psychological conditions.

How does personality affect perceptual distortion?

The preceptor's personality which greatly affects other people’s perception.

What is a mental set in terms of perceptual distortion?

The ability or capacity to respond to a situation in a certain way.

What is attribution?

The mechanism through which our understanding of causality makes sense of our environment.

What is the halo effect?

A decision based on a single striking feature.

What is stereotyping?

Judging or perceiving an individual based on the characteristics of the group.

What is a first impression?

Evaluating others based on the first impression.

What are visual illusions?

An illusion caused by the visual system and characterized by a visual perception that seems to differ from reality.

What is visual design?

Focuses on the aesthetics of a website or any other form of digital design

What is graphic design?

The craft of visual content for the transmission of messages. It concerns esthetic appeal and marketing attraction of viewers who use pictures, color, and typography.

What is visual structure?

The use of design, color, shape, typography, and form to enhance usability and improve user experience.

What are infographics?

A visual format that are concise and conclusive in presentation of complex data.

What is the most important thing to remember when creating infographics?

To present the data simply and truthfully.

Why is checking typography important?

Studies show that common fonts has a high possibility of winning in reading speed.

Why should special fonts be avoided?

Individuals who are color blind might also have a hard time seeing the said text styles.

Why is styling of typography important?

Fonts will be able to fit in, not only in your desired style but also when putting them on the page.

Why are structure and layout key to designing effective infographics?

Design a website based on an accessibility perspective.

What should be described when considering page layout?

Consider every page on your website as if you are telling stories to children.

What is an icon?

Icons are basic symbols to express something in context. They can be easily recognized and remembered.

How do you achieve consistency in the design for buttons, icons, and lists?

Concentrate on common features to be used in icons.

How is blank space used?

Use white/blank space around icons to make them visible, and be careful. A crowded space prevents the elements from breathing or expressing their true selves.

How do icons communicate?

The icons have to interact with each other. Their function is to promote the transmission of visual information to the user.

What is a button?

Interactive element that allows you to get the expected interactive feedback from the system using a specific command.

What are the common types of buttons?

Text, outlined and contained. The text button “low emphasis” is usually used for less important actions. The outlined button “medium emphasis” is used for greater than text buttons due to the stroke. Contained button “high emphasis” has more importance as it uses a color fill and shadow.

What are the key principles of buttons?

Identifiable, Findable and Clear. Buttons may show that an action can be activated, buttons, including other buttons, should be easy to find among other elements and the action and condition of a button should be transparent.

What are the main principles for lists?

Logical, Actionable and Consistent. lists should be sorted according to logical methods such as alphabetical, numerical, chronological, or user preferences, which makes content easy to scan, a list is easy to scan, and the content can be anchored and aligned with the list item and in a consistent format, icons, text, and actions should be displayed.

What are the main list types?

Single, two and three line lists.