Chem 119 TAMU

Ionic Nomenclature

used when naming compounds of metals + Nonmetals or Ammonium compound

Covalent Nomenclature

used when naming compounds of Nonmetals

acid Nomenclature

Used when naming compounds that give off the H+ ion when added to water

Binary

2 elements

Polyatomic

3 or more elements

Non metal + Non metal Ionic compounds

contains the NH4+ ion

Binary Covalent

2 non metals

Binary ionic compound

A metal and non metal

Suffix for binary compounds

"ide"

1(BC omitted for first element)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

mono

di

tri

tetra

pentra

hexa

hepta

octa

nona

deca

Formula H2X

Hydrogen + group 6A non metal

Ex. Hydrogen sulfide = H2S

Formula HX

Hydrogen + group 7A non metal

Sulfide ion charge

S^2-

Ionic compound example- Potassium Sulfide

(K+)& (S2-) = K2S

What do you use when naming ionic compounds of metals with more than one oxidation state

Use roman numerals

+1

+2

+3

+4

+5

+6

+7

+8

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

Fe3+

Fe2+

iron (III) - Iron (III) chloride- FeCl3

iron (II) - Iron (II) chloride-FeCl2

Cu2+

Cu+

Copper (II)- Copper(1) Chloride- CuCl2

Copper (1)- Copper (1) chloride- CuCl

Pb4+

Pb2+

Lead(IV)- Lead (IV) Oxide-PbO2

Lead(II)- Lead (II) Oxide- PbO

NEED TO KNOW

Ion - Ion Name

Ag+ - Silver

Zn2+ - Zinc

Cd2+ - Cadmium

Al3+ -Aluminum

How to find the oxidation state for monatomic ion

Oxidation state of a metal in a monoatomic ion is the same as its charge

Ammonium Ion

NH4+

Ammonia

NH3

Cyanide ion

CN-

Aqueous solution

Acid names "ic"

ex Hydrofluoric acid

molecular name

"ide" ex . Hydrogen sulfide

Inorganic Acids (1st 5)

Organic (Acetic acid)*

HClO3- Chloric acid

HNO3- Nitric acid

H2SO4- Sulfuric acid

H2CO3- carbonic acid

H3PO4- Phosphoric acid

*CH3COOH/ HC2H3O2- Acetic acid

Organic compounds

always have the -COOH

-1 Ions

Nitrate - NO3-

Acetate- Ch3COO-

Chlorate- ClO3-

Perchlorate- ClO4- *one more O than

Permanganate- MnO4-

-2 ion

Carbonate CO3^2-

Sulfate SO4^2-

Chromate CrO4^2-

Dichromate Cr2O7^2-

-3 ions

Phosphate - PO4^3-

Nomenclature of "ite" Oxo Anions

-to form the "ite" remove one O from the "ate" anion.

-"hypo"-"ite" remove two O from the "ate" anion.

"ite" anions you should know

-Nitrite NO2

-Chlorite CO2

-Hypochlorite ClO2

-Sulfite SO3^2-