Evolution, Intelligent Design, and Thermodynamics - Flashcards

A set of Question-and-Answer flashcards covering key concepts from evolution (macro- and microevolution), intelligent design, Earth’s conditions, and thermodynamics as presented in the notes.

What is evolution?

The process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through generations.

What is macroevolution?

The belief that all life forms have descended from a common ancestor, often explained by natural selection leading to broader, long-term changes.

What is microevolution?

Small-scale changes over time within a species or population, observable over shorter timeframes (e.g., variation within dog breeds).

What mechanism often cited for evolution involves survival of the fittest?

Natural selection, where advantageous traits become more common over generations.

How do dog breeds illustrate microevolution?

Different dog breeds arise from a common ancestor through small, observable changes over time within the same kind.

What is Intelligent Design?

The concept that the universe shows discernible design and was created purposefully by a creator, not by chance.

Which biblical passage is cited in the notes in relation to intelligent design?

Genesis 1:1–2:25.

What claim is made about Earth's suitability for life in the notes on intelligent design?

Earth is exactly where it needs to be and functions in a way that will only support life.

What do the notes say about Earth's rotation?

If the Earth did not rotate, we would all fly off the Earth.

What do the notes say about Earth's distance from the Sun?

If the Earth were closer to the Sun, temperatures would rise, causing glaciers to melt and water levels to rise.

What does the notes say about Earth's axial tilt?

The tilt is 23.5 degrees, which allows for the seasons and weather patterns; a different tilt would alter weather and glaciers.

What does the 1st law of thermodynamics state?

In a closed system, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.

What does the 2nd law of thermodynamics state?

The total amount of energy in a closed system stays the same, but usable energy decreases over time.