Chapter 7-9 Exam 2 HHE 350

What is one of most important factors to explore when describing the health of a population?

age

What is the name of the approach that focuses on the flow of health from earliest years into later years and represents one aspect of upstream–downstream thinking?

life course approach

Why is the maternal and infant/childhood mortality and morbidity considered an indicator of the health of a country?

they reflect the effectiveness of the disease prevention and health promotion services in a community

What are the two leading causes of death for ages 0-9 years?

unintentional injuries and congenital anomalies

This program provides breastfeeding support, nutritious foods, information on healthy eating, and referrals to health care to pregnant, postpartum and breastfeeding women and children up to age five

Women, infants, and children (WIC)

Insurance program that provides low-cost health coverage to children in families that earn too much money to qualify for Medicaid but not enough to buy private insurance. In some states, covers pregnant women.

childrens health insurance program (CHIP)

This act entitles eligible employees of covered employers to take unpaid, job-protected leave for specified family and medical reasons with continuation of group health insurance coverage under the same terms and conditions as if the employee had not taken leave

family and medical leave act (FMLA)

why it is important to consider race and ethnic groups when planning and implementing public health programs focused on maternal, infant, and child issues?

significant disparities exist in health outcomes across different racial and ethnic groups

What are the three Sentinel Threats to childhood that can harm health?

poverty, ACEs, poor education

Key determinant of mortality in childhood is

poverty

What does ACEs stand for?

adverse childhood experiences

• Premature Births

• Low Birth Weight

• Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use

• Breastfeeding

• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

These are all issues impacting health outcomes for which age group?

infants

• Unintentional Injuries

• Child Maltreatment

• Infectious Diseases

• Immunizations

These are all issues impacting health outcomes for which age group?

children

• Teenage Pregnancy

• Family Planning

  • Family Planning Act

• Preconception Care

• Prenatal Care

These are all factors impacting health outcomes for which age group?

women

What program allocates funds for childcare?

child care and development fund

Adolescents are considered what age group?

10-19

Young adults are considered what age group?

20-24

Adolescents and young adults include which two prominent age groups relevant to public health?

high school and college students

The time when children psychologically move from areas of relative comfort and emotional security to places and situations that are far more complex and often much more challenging

adolescence

The time when physical growth and maturity is completed and personal changes with the demands of a fast paced, ever-changing society  occur.

young adult

• Concept that health status and environmental exposures in the early part of one’s life will impact their adult health status 

• helps explain how every stage of a person’s life impacts the individual’s long-term health

• Risk behaviors and protective factors

life course approach

Name 5 factors impacting adolescents and young adults:

Numbers, Living arrangements, Employment status, Health care access, and Protective factors

what is the leading cause of death for ages 10-24?

unintentional injury

Death rates have declined over time because threat comes from ______ and ____ rather than disease in adolescent and young adult age groups.

environment and behavior

Do males or females experience higher mortality among young adults and adolescents?

males

____ make up about half of the overall US population

adults

Health profile of adults is mostly characterized by morbidity and mortality from what three things?

chronic disease, health detracting disease, and health behaviors

Why are adults considered to be the “sandwich” generation?

because they provide financially for their children, parents, and themselves

health status is influenced by both ____ and ____ for adults.

income and wealth

The leading causes of death for adults aged 25-64 are

unintentional injury and malignant neoplasm

What are the priority health conditions of adults?

cancer (lung/breast) and cardiovascular disease

What are two overarching behavioral risk factors for adults?

Cigarette smoking and physical inactivity

What is a protective behavior for adults?

screening for chronic disease

Discrimination based on age

ageism

• Marital status

• Living arrangements

• Racial/ethnic composition

• Geographic distribution

• Economic status

  • Source of income

• Education

These are all factors impacting which age group?

older adults

What is the leading cause of death of older adults (65+)?

heart disease

What are two priority health conditions for older adults?

chronic conditions (arthritis hypertension) and impairments

Name two overarching behavioral risk factors for older adults

cigarette smoking and physical inactivity

What are two protective behaviors for older adults?

vaccinations and screenings