Genetics and Chromosome Abnormalities - Video Notes

Flashcards covering genes, chromosomes, key inheritance processes, and sex chromosome abnormalities (Klinefelter, Fragile X, Turner) as described in the video notes.

What are the three processes listed that help us understand how genes are passed from one generation to the next?

Mitosis, Meiosis, and Fertilization.

How many chromosomes does a human zygote have at conception, and how are they contributed?

46 chromosomes total; 23 from the mother and 23 from the father.

What genotype is associated with Klinefelter Syndrome?

XXY.

Name two phenotypic characteristics of Klinefelter Syndrome mentioned in the notes.

Underdeveloped testes and very tall stature (with possible language/academic impairments).

How is Fragile X Syndrome described in the notes?

A sex chromosome abnormality (X-linked).

What is the genotype for Turner's Syndrome?

XO (monosomy X).

List phenotypic features of Turner's Syndrome as noted.

Short stature, webbed neck, brown spots, and infertility may occur.

How are newborns' sex chromosomes configured for typical females and typical males according to the notes?

Females usually have two X chromosomes; males have one X and one Y chromosome.

What is a zygote?

A developing organism formed at conception, containing the full set of chromosomes (46 in humans).