Chemistry Basics: Matter, Properties, and Changes

Vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental chemistry definitions, intensive and extensive properties, physical and chemical properties and changes, and the three states of matter based on lecture notes.

Chemistry

The study of matter, its chemical and physical properties, and the chemical and physical changes it undergoes.

Matter

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

Energy

The ability to do work to accomplish some change.

Intensive Properties

Properties of matter that are independent of the quantity of the substance, such as color and melting point.

Extensive Properties

Properties of matter that depend on the quantity of the substance, such as mass and volume.

Chemical Property

A property that results in a change in composition and can be observed only through a chemical reaction, describing a substance's characteristics or ability to react.

Chemical Reaction (Chemical Change)

A process in which a chemical substance is converted into one or more different substances by rearranging, removing, replacing, or adding atoms, such as $6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$.

Physical Property

A property that is observed without changing the composition or identity of a substance, such as color, odor, taste, temperature, pressure, and melting point.

Physical Change

A change that produces a recognizable difference in the appearance of a substance without causing any change in its composition or identity, such as cutting paper, boiling water, or melting an ice cube.

Gas

A state of matter where particles are widely separated (far apart), having no definite shape or volume.

Liquid

A state of matter where particles are closer together, having a definite volume but no definite shape.

Solid

A state of matter where particles are very close together, having a definite shape and definite volume.