Biology - Chemistry Test

matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

mass

the amount of matter in an object

volume

The amount of space an object takes up

element

a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances

compound

a pure substance that can be broken down into elements.

covalent bond

two or more atoms join together sharing electrons

ionic bond

one atom loses an electron from its outermost shell to complete the shell of another atom

Molecule

A group of atoms bonded together

Sub-atomic particles

atoms made up of smaller pieces

ions

positively and negatively charged atoms

isotope

Atoms of the same element with different amounts of neutrons

cation

positive atom due to a lost electron

anion

negative atom due to a gained electron

polar

having a pair of equal and opposite charges

solvent

does the dissolving

solute

what is dissolved

cohesion

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

adhesion

the attraction of one substance to another

solutions

one or more substances distributed in another substance

concentration

How much solute is dissolved in a solvent

saturation

the state or process that occurs when no more of something can be absorbed, combined with, or added.

pH

potential for hydrogen ions

acid

any compound that forms H+ ions in solution

base

a compound that produces hydroxide ions in solution

combustion reaction

a chemical reaction that turns a hydrocarbon fuel source and oxygen into CO2 + H2O + heat

ionic compound

combination of a metal and a nonmetal

covalent compound

combination of 2 or more nonmetals

chemical reaction

the changing of substances through the breaking and reforming of bonds

buffers

weak acids or bases that help balance out stronger, opposing acids or bases

hydrogen bond

weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom

liquid

A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.