Anatomy Unit MT

abduction

movement away from the midline of the body

adduction

movement toward the midline of the body

circumduction

circular movement that combines flexion, extension abduction, and adduction

depression

movement to the original position

fibular deviation

movement at the knee away from the body’s midline;
like a slight abduction of the lower leg

radial deviation

movememnt of the wrist away from the body’s midline, toward the thumb/radius side

tibial deviation

movement at the knee toward the body’s midline; like slight adduction of the lower leg

ulnar deviation

movement of the wrist toward the body’s midline; toward pinky/ulna side

dorsiflexion

heel on ground, lift foot

elevation

movement of a body part upward (superiorly)

eversion

lifting the lateral edge of the foot, turning the sole outward/laterally

extension

the straightening of the joint

flexion

the bending or angulation that can occur at a joint

lateral flexion

bending the neck to the side; tilt your head to your shoulder

plantar flexion

stand on your tiptoes

hyperextension

extension movements that continue past the anatomical position i

inversion

how i sprained my ankle

pronation

rotating the forearm so the palm faces down/backwards; the radius crosses over the ulna

protraction

movement in which a structure moves forward
ex: push your jaw forward

retraction

movement in the opposite direction

rotation

the revolving of a structure on its axis

downward rotation

the movement of the predetermined structure in a downward/inferior direction

lateral rotation

the movement of predetermined structure away from the midline

medial rotation

movement of the predetermined structure toward the midline

upward rotation

the movement of the predetermined structure in the superior direction

supination

rotating the forearm so the palm faces up/forward; the radius and ulna become parallel

ex: hold your hand out like you’re carrying soup.

anatomy

the structure of an organism & the science of the morphology (structure) of an organism

physiology

how body parts work and interact

systemic anatomy

the study of the body’s structure by focusing on specific organ systems, such as the nervous, respiratory, or circulatory systems

eponym

a structure or anatomical term named after a person, rather than named for what the structure does

ex: Cooper’s Droop

medial

nearer to the midline or axis of a structure

ex: your nose is medial to your eyes

lateral

farther from the midline or axis of a structure

anterior

situated before or toward the front

ex: your chest is anterior to your spine

posterior

situated toward the rear or in back of

ex: your spine is posterior to your chest

ventral

the belly side of the animal or structure

dorsal

the back side of the animal or structure

superior

upper, nearer to the crown of the head

ex: your head is superior to your chest

inferior

lower, farther away from the crown of the head

ex: your stomach is inferior to your heart

cranial

the head-end of the animal; in humans the upper (superior) end

caudal

the tail end of the animal; in humans the lower (inferior) end

proximal

nearer to the root of a limb or closer to any point of reference

ex: your elbow is proximal to your wrist

distal

further away from the root of a limb, further from any point of reference
ex: your fingers are distal to your elbow

palmar

the palm side of the hand and fingers

plantar

the sole side of the foot and toes

superficial

nearer to the surface

deep (profundus)

farther from the surface

ipsilateral

pertaining to the same side

ex: your right arm and right leg

contralateral

pertaining to the opposite side

ex: your right arm and left leg

mental region

chin region

oral region

mouth region

orbital region

eye region

buccal region

cheek region

shoulder region

composed of the deltoid, scalpular, and acromial regions

pectoral region

the anterolateral region of the chest

sternal region

the antermediaal region of the chest

axillary region

the armpit

arm (brachial) region

between the shoulder and elbow

forearm (antebrachium)

between the elbow and wrist

cubital region

anterior elbow

carpal region

wrist region

metacarpal region

located between the wrist and the fingers, the part of the hand that forms the palm and back of hand

hand

the distal portion of the superior member below the forearm, comprised of the carpi, metacarpi, and phalanges

palm

the front (anterior) surface of the hand

dorsum

term for back or upper surface of body part

pollex

thumb

phalanges

fingers

thorax

the part of the trunk related to the ribs and sternum

abdomen

the part of the trunk between the thorax and pelvis

hip (coxal) region

the area of the body lateral to and including the hip joint (acetabulum and head of femur)

groin (inguinal) region

the region between the pubic tubercle and the anterior superior iliac spine

loin (lumbar) region

the side and back between the ribs and pelvis

gluteal region

the area between the iliac crest superiorly and the gluteal fold inferiorly

perineal region

between the pubic and coccygeal regions

thigh (femoral) region

the area related to the femur;
posteriorly: it is the area between the gluteal fold and the knee
anteriorly: it is the area between the inguinal ligament and the knee

popliteal region

the back of the knee

patellar region

the anterior knee region related to the patella (knee cap)

leg (crural) region

between the knee and ankle

calf (sural) region

the back of the leg

tarsal region

ankle

foot

the distal portion of the inferior member below the leg, comprise of tarsi, metatarsi, and phalanges

dorsum

the back of the body of the upper/outer surface of a specific body part or region

plantar surface

the sole

hallux

big toe