Combined Science AQA Chemistry Formation of Ions

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9 Terms

1
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Ions

Charged particles formed when atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a full outer shell, resulting in stability.

2
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Metal atoms

Atoms that LOSE electrons from the outer shell to form POSITIVE IONS.

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Non-metal atoms

Atoms that GAIN electrons from the outer shell to form NEGATIVE IONS.

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Charge on ions

The number of electrons lost or gained is equal to the charge on the ion, affecting the balance of protons and electrons.

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Group 1 and 2 elements

Metals that LOSE electrons to form POSITIVE IONS

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Group 6 and 7 elements

Non-metals that GAIN electrons to form NEGATIVE IONS

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Elements in the same group

Have the same number of outer electrons, leading to similar ion formation (losing / gaining same amount) patterns within the group.

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Group 1 and 7 elements bonding

Can bond due to having opposite charges, where Group 1 loses an electron and Group 7 gains one.

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Group 2 and 6 elements bonding

Can bond due to having opposite charges, where Group 2 loses two electrons and Group 6 gains two.