Digestive_system_III_F2020

What are the four compartments of the ruminant stomach?

Rumen, Reticulum, Omasum, Abomasum

What is the primary function of the Rumen?

It serves as a fermentation vat where microorganisms break down cellulose.

What is the function of the Reticulum?

It aids in the mechanical breakdown of fermented ingesta.

What is the Omasum often referred to as?

The 'Butcher's Bible' or 'Book' due to its layered, page-like structure.

What is the function of the Abomasum?

It is the glandular region responsible for enzymatic digestion.

What percentage of a preruminant calf's stomach is the Rumen at birth?

80%.

What are the features of the small intestine that enhance digestion and absorption?

Extended length, mucosal plicae, villi, and microvilli.

What are the three parts of the small intestine?

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum.

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

To dehydrate fecal contents by absorbing water.

How does the cecum of the horse differ from that of other domestic species?

The horse has a very large cecum with two openings: iliocecal and cecocolic, while other species have only a cecocolic opening.

What are the functions of the pancreas?

Produces digestive proenzymes (exocrine) and hormones like insulin (endocrine).

What is the largest gland in the body?

The liver.

What are the main functions of the liver?

Metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats; production of bile; storage and filtration of blood; detoxification of foreign substances.

What is the biliary system's role in digestion?

It secretes bile, aids in digestion, and lubricates food entering the duodenum.