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21 Terms
1
What are the two primary models of the universe discussed in the notes?
The Geocentric model and the Heliocentric model.
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2
Who proposed the Geocentric model and how long did it dominate scientific thought?
Aristotle proposed the Geocentric model, which dominated for almost 2000 years.
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3
What does the term 'Heliocentric' refer to?
It refers to the Sun-centered model of the universe where all planets revolve around the Sun.
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4
What was a significant contribution of Galileo Galilei to astronomy?
He provided evidence for Copernicus’s heliocentric theory and made several observations including moons orbiting Jupiter.
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5
What is a nebula in the context of the solar system?
A nebula is an accumulation of gas and dust from which celestial bodies like the sun and planets are formed.
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6
What are the characteristics of Terrestrial planets?
Smaller, rockier, more dense, warmer, and closer to the sun.
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7
How do Asteroids differ from Comets?
Asteroids are small, rocky or metallic bodies that revolve around the sun, while comets are made up of dust and ice with tails when near the Sun.
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8
What is the Doppler Effect in terms of stars?
It is the change in frequency or wavelength of light (or sound) in relation to an observer moving relative to the source, observed as redshift or blueshift.
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9
What is the main purpose of triangulation in astronomy?
To measure distances to celestial objects indirectly by creating an imaginary triangle.
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10
What is the significance of the Hubble Space Telescope?
It allows us to observe the universe without atmospheric interference, providing clearer images from space.
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11
What are the main components necessary for astronaut survival in space?
Pressurized atmosphere, oxygen supply, temperature regulation, and radiation protection.
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12
What does the term 'microgravity' refer to?
A condition where gravitational forces are greatly reduced, producing a feeling of weightlessness.
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13
What are the main characteristics of a spiral galaxy?
It is shaped like a flattened pinwheel with arms spiraling out from the center, containing millions or billions of stars.
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14
What are natural satellites, give an example?
Natural satellites are smaller bodies that orbit larger bodies, such as moons orbiting planets.
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15
Why is space exploration considered to be beneficial?
It may provide resources and technologies to improve life on Earth, such as energy solutions and advanced materials.
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16
What are some risks associated with human space travel?
Factors include accidents, health issues due to microgravity, and exposure to radiation.
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17
What technology is used to observe the spectral lines of stars?
Spectroscopes, which analyze light spectra to determine chemical composition.
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18
What is the significance of solar panels for the International Space Station?
They provide a sustainable energy source, allowing the station to operate essential systems.
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19
What is the primary goal of a space probe?
To explore celestial bodies and collect data that cannot be gathered through telescopes.
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20
What is the 'Canadarm' and its purpose?
A robotic arm developed in Canada used for various tasks in space missions, particularly on the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station.
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21
Name a primary argument against heavy investment in space exploration.
Many argue that resources should address pressing Earthly issues like poverty and hunger rather than space exploration.
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