4.3.3 Particle model and pressure

How do molecules in a gas move?

Constant random motion

How is the temperature of gas related to the kinetic energy of the molecules?

The higher the temperature, the greater the kinetic energy so the faster the molecules

What happens when molecules collide with the walls of their container?

They exert a force on a wall

What is the pressure law?

Changing the temperature of a gas held at constant volume changes the pressure exerted by the gas

What is Boyle’s Law?

Increasing the volume in which a gas in contained at constant temperature can lead to a decrease in pressure

What is the equation for pressure?

PV = constant

wWhat does doing work on a gas do to the temperature?

It increases the temperature

What is the equation for work done?

work done = force x distance = pressure x volume

What does doing work on a gas mean?

Compressing or expanding the gas, so changing the volume

How does pressure increase when more particles are added to a fixed volume?

Pumping more gas into the same volume means more particles are present so there are more collisions with the walls

How is the gas heated?

Energy is transferred to the particles when more gas is added to the fixed volume

How does pressure increase when there’s a fixed number of particles for a smaller volume?

The particles collide with the wall so the particles gain momentum, as the particles has a greater velocity, the pressure increases as the particles collide with the walls more frequently and the temperature increased as the kinetic energy of each particle increases