Family Argasidae; Suborder Metastigmata

wrinkled

Family Argasidae BODY is

NO Porous areas in basis capituli

Family Argasidae DOES NOT have this structure in basis capituli

Dry but huimd; Arid areas

Family Argasidae Climate Preference

leather-like; NO dorsal shield (NO scutum)

Family Argasidae Tegument

NOT visible

Family Argasidae NYMPHS & IMAGO mouthparts (anteriorly-placed) is (visible, NOT visisble)

3rd coxa

Family Argasidae 1 SPIRACLE is located POSTEROLATERALLY to the

NONE

Family Argasidae Sexual Dimorphism

Festoons & Scutum

Family Argasidae Absent Structures

nests, burrows, buildings, & sleeping places of their host

Family Argasidae live in (place)

in minutes/hour

Family Argasidae NYMPHS feeds

Nymphal stage, because Adult is DOES NOT usually stay on host

Family Argasidae Stadia More Parasitic

-Argas

-Otobius

-Ornithodorus

-Carios

Family Argasidae Genera

-Argas persicus (fowl tick)

-Argas sanchezi

-Argas radiatus

-Argas miniatus

Argas spp. (Complex spp) enumerate

Argas persicus fowl tick

confined to Old World (Europe, Asia, parts of africa)

Argas sanchezi

common in Southwest of USA and Mexico

Argas radiatus

occurs in Central and Southern USA

Argas miniatus

- occurs in Panama and South America

- They are common parasites in many warm and temperate climates

- They attacks fowl, turkey, pigeon, duck, geese, canaries, ostrich and certain wild birds and may bite man - Adult measures 4-10 by 2.5-6mm and is oval in shape, narrower anteriorly than posteriorly

- Edges of the body are sharp

- Engorged tick has slaty-blue color

- Starved animal is yellowish-brown

- Sexes can be distinguished only by shape of genital opening

- Genital opening is situated anteriorly on ventral surface and is larger in female than male

4-10 by 2.5-6mm

Argas spp. size

oval in shape, narrower anteriorly than posteriorly (like a flat button)

Argas spp. shape descr

sharp

Argas spp. edges are

slaty blue, yellowish-brown

Argas spp. Engorged, Unengorged color

anteriorly on ventral surface and is larger in female than male

Argas spp. Genital opening is situated

• Eggs laid in cracks and crevices of fowl-house and under bark of trees

• Eggs are small, spherical brown and laid in batches of 20-100

• Larvae hatches 3 weeks or more and have 6 long legs and roughly circular bodies

• Larvae attaches in hosts under wings and engorge in 5 days

• Larvae can live w/out food about 3 mos.

• They moult after 7 days

Life Cycle and Habits Argas spp.

• They have 2 nymphal stage w/c lasts about 2 weeks and engorges once during this time

• Nymphs and adults attacks their hosts at night and feeds about 2 hours

• Adults feeds once a month, more or less

• Nymphs and adults survive starving for about 5 years

• Female lay a batch of eggs after each meal

Life Cycle and Habits Argas spp.

-cracks and crevices of fowl-house

-under bark of trees

Argas spp. Eggs is laid in

-small, spherical brown

-batches of 20-100

Argas spp. Eggs

-size, shape, color

-# per batches

-3 wks

-6 long legs

-roughly circular bodies

Argas spp.

-Larvae hatches (#)

-Larvae Legs (#)

-Shape

-under wings

-5 days

Argas spp.

-Larvae attachment on host

-Larvae engorge

3 mos; 5 yrs

Argas spp.

Larvae; Adult : can live wo food abt

-A. marginale in USA and Aegyptianella pullorum

-B. anserina

Argas spp.

-transmits this in tropical areas (Old world areas)

-vector of (cause of fowl spirochaetosis)

Argas spp. (esp. A. persicus) [Larval stage most harmful!]

cause Fatal Placid Paralysis in young chickens

tranovarially

Argas spp. can transmit the diseases in this way

-Argas reflexus- pigeon tick

-Argas mianensis

Argas other spp.

Argas reflexus- pigeon tick

-pigeons

-Europe, Russia, North and west Africa and in Far east (India)

-May transmits B. anserina to poultry

Argas mianensis-'persian miana bug'

possibly transmits relapsing fever (B. recurrentis) in human

Otobius megnini (spinose ear tick)

- Found in North and South America, southern Africa and India

- Larval and nymphal stage are most often parasites of dog ears, sheep, horses and cattle but sometimes in goats, pigs, cats, ostriches, man also in rabbits, deer and other wild animals, nymphal skin is mamillated and bears numerous spine-like processes

- Body is color bluish-grey, while legs, mouth parts and spines are pale yellow

- Adults not parasitic, have constriction at the middle of the body giving fiddle shape

North and South America, southern Africa and India

Otobius megnini (spinose ear tick) World Location

Spinose ear tick

Otobius megnini

-bluish-grey

-pale yellow

Otobius megnini color

-body

-legs, spines, mouthparts

Otobius megnini

Adults not parasitic, have constriction at the middle of the body giving fiddle shape

-Larvae stays more in host

-Adult Hypostome is VESTIGIAL (so cannot pierce)

Otobius megnini ADULT is NOT PARASITIC, give the reason

4 months

Otobius megnini NYMPHS & LARVAL stage can stay in large period of time until

Otobius lagophilus

- found in rabbits in western USA

- Adults are not parasitic

(eyeless tampan of Africa)

Ornithodoros moubata other name

native huts & sand under trees

Ornithodoros moubata Loc

100 / batch

Ornithodoros moubata eggs hatch/batch

man, various domestic and wild animals, birds as well as tortoise

Ornithodoros moubata host

-B. duttoni (African Relapsing Fever)

-African swine Fever virus (reservoir)

-Q fever (vector)

-B. anserina & Aegyptianella pullorum of fowls (transmits)

Ornithodoros moubata DISEASES

Ornithodoros savignyi

tampan w/c possesses eyes

-DO NOT

-Africa, India and near East

-camel, fowl and other domesticated animals but may bite man

Ornithodoros savignyi

-Larvae feed?

-Loc World

-Host

relapsing fever tick

Ornithodoros turicata other name

-USA, esp. south and western state

-Relapsing fever in man (Southwest)

-Q fever

-Theileria ovis & Anaplasma ovis

Ornithodoros turicata (relapsing fever tick

-Loc world

-Responsible for transmission of

-Vector of

-Cause Tick Paralysis in Central Asia

Ornithodoros moubata porcinus

infests burrows of warthogs and acts as reservoir and vector of African swine fever

-warthogs

-African Swine Fever

Ornithodoros moubata porcinus

-host

-reservoir & vector

Ornithodoros talaje

occurs in south-western states of USA and Florida

Ornithodoros coriaceus

the 'pajaroello tick' in cattle and deer

-California and Pacific Coast of Mexico

-painful bite

-Epizootic Bovine abortion in central America

Ornithodoros coriaceus

-loc world

-produces

-vector of

Piercing tick (handsome in thai lol)

Tampan meaning

5-7

Ornithodorus spp. Nymphal stage # (many stadia)

Ornithodorus savignyi

spp. where larval stage is more relaxed

Carios kelleyi (bat tick)

occurs in bats

Carios capanensis

occurs in sea birds