Quiz 7

According to the Roche video on target identification, what is not one of Roche's approaches?

• Identifying what enzyme is involved in changing a drug to a less active chemical derivative
• Phenotypic screening - Changing one gene at a time in cells of an organism and see whether the mutation leads to a disease state
• Using proteomics to Identify which proteins bind to or interact with an active drug
• Identify the protein target of a known drug, like aspirin
• Comparing genes of healthy and diseased individuals to find the defective gene responsible for the disease

Identifying what enzyme is involved in changing a drug to a less active chemical derivative

Practically all medicine in use today interacts with a protein target by:

• inhibiting the function of the protein target
• all the other answers are incorrect as drugs don't interact with protein targets
• either inhibiting or increasing the activity of a protein target
• neither inhibiting nor boosting the activity of the protein target
• increasing the activity of the protein target

either inhibiting or increasing the activity of a protein target

As part of in vitro, pre-clinical research, the Ames test is performed using bacteria to determine which property of a candidate drug?

• The ability of a drug to cause elevation of liver enzyme activity in mice
• The ability of a drug to kill test animals
• The ability of a drug to increase heart rate in trial animals
• The ability of a drug to produce DNA lesions
• The ability of a drug to cause abortion in a pregnant mouse

The ability of a drug to produce DNA lesions

What applies to FDA's rules on pre-clinical testing of investigational drugs on animals?

• Companies do not need FDA permission to initiate tests of drugs on animals even if the data will be used for marketing approval
• FDA's Modernization Act 2.0 of 2022 require that all investigational drugs need to be tested for safety on animals before they are tested on humans
• Organs on chips are not acceptable alternatives to toxicity testing on animals
• Investigators do not need to comply with Good Laboratory Practices during the conduct of animal tests, if the test results will not be used for filing for drug marketing
• With FDA's Modernization Act 2.0 of 2022, companies do not have the right to perform tests of investigational drugs on animals

Companies do not need FDA permission to initiate tests of drugs on animals even if the data will be used for marketing approval