Structure of the respiratory system

O2

All aspects of breathing are closely associated with the overall need for , metabolic processes, muscle activity, and the production of CO2.

Diffusion

can only occur if a difference in concentration exists, and such a difference is called a concentration gradient.

O2

All aspects of breathing are closely associated with the overall need for , metabolic processes, muscle activity, and the production of CO2.

Diffusion

can only occur if a difference in concentration exists, and such a difference is called a concentration gradient.

walls of each capillary

The are one cell thick, which provides a very short distance for gases to diffuse.

External Respiration

refers to the processes that occur within the lungs involving the exchange of O2 and CO2.

Inspiration

: Air flows into the lungs due to increased lung volume following the contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.

Cellular respiration

is the process in which the cells use O2 to generate energy.

alveolar ducts

Bronchioles, , and alveolar sacs are all structures of the respiratory zone that are involved with the exchange of gases between inspired air and the blood.

Expiration

: Air is expelled from the lungs due to the relaxation of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles.

The respiratory zone

is where gas exchange occurs.

Inspiration

is an active process, requiring the contraction of various respiratory muscles and therefore the expenditure of significant amounts of energy.

The respiratory system can be divided into two main zones

the^^"conductive zone"^^ and the"respiratory zone."

Internal respiration

refers to the exchange of gases at the tissue level.

O2 Transport

O2 Transport
• The process by which O2 is absorbed in the lungs and carried to the peripheral tissues.

CO2 Transport

The process by which CO2 in blood is moved into the alveoli and then exhaled from the body.

a-vO2 diff

The difference between the amount of O2 in the artery and vein reflects the amount of O2 that was delivered to the muscle.

The Mechanics of Breathing

The combination of inspiration and expiration together is known as “ventilation.”

How many alveolar sacs are there in the average person's lungs?

300 million alveolar sacs

What are the aspects of breathing are closely associated with?

the overall need of O2, metabolic processes, and muscle activity.

How is your breathing controlled?

Your breathing is controlled by the many different forms of feedback from specialized sensory systems to the neural control centers within the brain.

What is the respiratory system?

The respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help you to breathe.