Week 2 - Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium Metabolism

A series of vocabulary flashcards covering important terms and definitions related to calcium, phosphate, and magnesium metabolism.

Calcium

A mineral essential for various biological functions including blood clotting, muscle contraction, and bone health.

Hypercalcaemia

A condition characterized by an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.

Hypocalcaemia

A condition characterized by an abnormally low level of calcium in the blood.

Phosphate

An inorganic chemical and a critical component in biological systems involved in energy transfer, bone mineralization, and cellular processes.

Hyperphosphataemia

A condition of elevated phosphate levels in the blood.

Hypophosphataemia

A condition characterized by low levels of phosphate in the blood.

Magnesium

An essential mineral involved in numerous biochemical reactions, primarily serving as an enzyme cofactor.

Hypermagnesaemia

A rare condition characterized by elevated levels of magnesium in the blood.

Hypomagnesaemia

A condition characterized by low levels of magnesium in the blood.

PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)

A hormone produced by the parathyroid glands that regulates calcium levels in the blood.

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D

The active form of vitamin D, which plays a key role in calcium and phosphate metabolism.

Bone turnover markers

Substances that are released during the formation and breakdown of bone and can indicate metabolic bone disease.

Osteoblasts

Cells responsible for bone formation.

Osteoclasts

Cells responsible for the resorption of bone.

Osteocytes

Mature bone cells that help maintain bone homeostasis.

Metabolic Bone Disorders

Conditions that affect the strength and structure of bones, such as osteoporosis and rickets.