10 second drill cancer

What are common risk factors for liver cancer?

Alcohol, cirrhosis, high-fat diet, hepatitis, and smoking

What’s the difference between a malignant and a benign tumor? Benign Tumor

non-cancerous, localized, encapsulated, doesn’t spread, regular shape

What’s the difference between a malignant and a benign tumor? malignant

cancerous, abnormal growth, non-encapsulated, rapidly dividing, can metastasize

What are the side effects of chemotherapy?

Hair loss, fatigue, pancytopenia, nausea/vomiting, low immunity, loss of appetite

How does chemotherapy work?

It shrinks tumors and attacks rapidly dividing cells

Why is cancer given in cycles?

Given in cycles to allow healthy cells to recover

What types of cells are most affected by chemotherapy?

Cells with a high growth factor like hair cells and abdominal cells

What is pancytopenia?

Pancytopenia is the decrease of all blood cell types

why does pancytopenia occur in chemotherapy?

it occurs because chemo kills fast-dividing cells, including bone marrow cells

What is the difference between Category A and Category X drugs in pregnancy? Category A

Safest

What is the difference between Category A and Category X drugs in pregnancy? Category X

harmful and teratogenic

What does protein binding mean in pharmacology?

More bound to albumin = less active drug. Less protein = more free (active) drug in circulation, leading to increased toxicity

What is the definitive diagnostic test for cancer?

Biopsy

What diagnostic tools are used for cancer detection?

PET scan, MRI, X-ray, biopsy, PSA test, CBC, and physical exam

What are risk factors for cervical cancer?

HPV, genetics/family history, birth control, hormone replacement.

How is chemotherapy care monitored?

Monitor WBC count, infection signs, hemoglobin, temperature, fatigue, alopecia, and mouth sores

What do the cancer stages indicate? Stage 1

No metastasis

What do the cancer stages indicate? Stage 2

Local Invasion

What do the cancer stages indicate? Stage 3

Spread to regional structures

What do the cancer stages indicate? Stage 4

Distant metastasis

Primary Vs. Secondary CA: Primary

cancerous cells found in the tissue of origin

Example of primary cancer

lung cancer cells found in the lung tissue

Primary Vs. Secondary CA: Secondary

cancerous cells found in tissue other than tissue of origin

Secondary cancer example

lung cancer cells found in the brain tissue