marine science- bony fish

Domain

Eukarya

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Osteichthyes

Perch

Vertebrates

Symmetry

Bilateral

Reproduction

Sexual

Fertilization

External

Reproduction method

Broadcasters

Reproduction type

Oviparous

Larval/young lifestyle

Planktonic

Mature/adult lifestyle

Nektonic

Type of scales

Ctenoid

Number of dorsal fin

2

Number of pectoral fins

2

Number of pelvic fins

2

Number of anal fins

1

Number of caudal fin

1

Function of dorsal fin

Stability

Function of pectoral fin

Steering

Function of pelvic fin

Slowing down & stopping

Function of anal fin

Stability

Function of caudal fin

Forward propulsion & thrust

Main function of gill filaments

VASCULAR THREAD-LIKE STRUCTURES THAT PROVIDE A LARGE SURFACE AREA FOR GAS EXCHANGE.

Main function of gill rakers

BONY OR CARTILAGINOUS PROJECTIONS ON THE BRANCHIAL ARCH THAT STRAIN/FILTER INCOMING WATER OF FOOD PARTICLES AND DEBRIS TO PROTECT THE DELICATE GILL FILAMENTS.

Main function of gill lamillae

TINY PLATE-LIKE STRUCTURES ON THE GILL FILAMENTS THAT ARE THE SITE OF GAS EXCHANGE

Main function of branchial arch

BONY OR CARTILAGINOUS LOOPS THAT SUPPORT THE GILL  STRUCTURES

Describe ram ventilation

A METHOD OF PASSIVE-RESPIRATION, WHERE A FISH BREATHE BY SWIMMING IN A FORWARD MOTION, WITH THEIR MOUTHS OPEN, FORCING WATER OVER THEIR GILLS FOR GAS EXCHANGE

Describe buccal pumping

AN METHOD OF ACTIVE-RESPIRATION, WHERE A FISH PUMPS EXPANDS & CONTRACTS THE BUCCAL-CAVITY (MOUTH) AND THE OPERCULUM OPENS & CLOSES TO PUMP WATER OVER THE GILLS FOR GAS EXCHANGE.

Describe cutaneous respiration

A METHOD OF PASSIVE-RESPIRATION WHERE GAS EXCHANGE TAKES PLACE ACROSS A FISH’S SKIN AND IS TYPICALLY A SECONDARY FORM OF BREATHING WHEN THE GILLS BECOME LESS EFFECTIVE (INVOLVES OXYGEN DIFFUSING INTO THE SKIN AND CARBON DIOXIDE DIFFUSING OUT THROUGH A DENSE NETWORK OF CAPILLARIES CLOSE TO THE SKIN’S SURFACE).

Number of chambers of the heart in bony fishes

2

Main functions of the kidneys

FILTER WASTED AND BALANCING INTERNAL SALT & WATER LEVELS.

Main function of the lateral line

MECHANORECEPTION; SENSING WATER MOVEMENT, VIBRATIONS, PRESSURE GRADIENTS; USED FOR ORIENTATION, LOCATING PREY, AND DETECTING PREDATORS.

Main function of liver

A VITAL ORGAN FOR METABOLISM, DETOXIFICATION, NUTRIENT STORAGE AND BILE PRODUCTION.

Main function of spleen

FILTERS WORN OUT BLOOD CELLS, PRODUCES AND BALANCES WHITE BLOOD CELLS FOR THE IMMUNE SYSTEM.

Main function of pancreas

A GLANDULAR-ORGAN THAT SECRETES HORMONES, LIKE INSULIN & GLYCOGEN TO REGULATE BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS.

Nares

Used for chemoreception but not respiration

Stomach

Site for most chemical and mechanical digestion

Esophagus

Connects the mouth to the stomach

Intestine

Site for most nutrient and water absorption

Operculum

Protect the gills and may assist with respiration

Gallbladder

Stores bile

Liver

Produces bile

Respiratory

Lateral line

Circulatory

Ventricle

Lymphatic

Spleen

Reproductive

Gonads

Digestive

Pancreas

Respiratory

Lamellae

Respiratory and nervous

Swim bladder

Digestive

Gallbladder

Circulatory

Dorsal- aorta

Respiratory and digestive

Buccal cavity

Nervous

Olfactory bulb/lobe

Excretory

Kidneys

Digestive

Pyloric- cecum

Respiratory

Branchial arch

Digestive

Liver