food webs

food webs

,A complex diagram representing the many energy pathways in an ecosystem, predation relationships

dominant species

relatively abundant, increase numbers and increase biomass

guild

organisms that have similair roles and look the same

functional group

group of organism that provide same function, describe functional trait (can look different)

dominant autotrophs

plants, most abundant

nonwoody and woody

herbaveous, shrubs, trees

coniferous

needle leaves, gymnosperm

evergreen

a tree that does not lose its leaves in the winter and stays green all year round

broad leaved

angiosperm, live oak or post oak

decidious

A plant that sheds its leaves during a particular season

shrubs

inbtween nonwoody and woody

forbs

nonwoody and nongramnoid

graminoids

grasses and ground levels

keystone species

disproportional effect on ecosystem compared to numbers, low numbers high effect

foundation stone species

high number of organisms, blue gramamgrass and previously buffalos

NOT

keystone species are ____ foundation stone

engineer species

Creates its habitat; alter physical environment. (Beavers and river dams.)

direct

action is effective, trophic predation direction, starfish example

reduce competition

indirect relationships can

bottom up control

amount of biomass regulated by resources, producers

top down control

by top predator, exert pressure

trophic cascade

indirect effects in a community that are initiated by a predator

kelp forest

increase when otters increase, reduce things that eat it

biomagnification

accumulation of pollutants at successive levels of the food chain, PCPs and lead, mostly effect aquatic food