f1 things

Corvee

Mandatory labour performed by the 3rd estate

Tithe

paid to the church either in money or grain

Laffeyete - assembly of notable

“we are not representitives of the nation”

Gabbelle

Dues on salt, made people very mad

Capitation

per person tax paid by everyone

cost - American war of independence

1 billion livres

Mirabeau - royal session

“we will not leave except by the force of bayonets”

Taille

land tax

bread prices 1789

88% of average workers daily wage

schama - society of thirty

“aristocrats against privlenge”

false claim - compte rendu

10 million livre surplus (ignored cost of american war)

british embassetor - hail - july 1789

the hailstones were of a size and weight never heard of before in this country

turgot - american war of independance

“the first shot fired will drive [france] to bankrupcy”

lettre de cachet

king can banish anyone

vote count estates genreal 1614 vs 1789

1614 - vote per estate, 300 from each estate

1789 - vote per estate 300 from first and second 600 from third

Vingtieme

tax on goods, levide when the government needed extra income

Dues

tax paid by peasant to the 2nd estate

shama - american war on independace

"For France, without any question, the Revolution began in America."

doyle - Revolt of the Notables

 “the beginning of a political crisis, only resolved by revolution"

schama - Revolt of the Notables

“first revolutionaries”

Rúde - Revolt of the Notables

"The Notables refused to endorse ministerial reforms because their own cherished fiscal immunities were threatened."

Schama - day of tiles

“(The Day of Tiles) signified the breakdown of royal authority"

Shama - economics

"It was the policies of the old regime rather than its operational structure that brought it closer to bankruptcy and political disaster."

Swann - regulation of the estates general

"The issue of voting poisoned the political atmosphere of the estates general.

mcphee - calling of the estates general

"The calling of the Estates-General facilitated the expression of tensions at every level of French society, and revealed social divisions which challenged the idea of a society of orders."

Mcphee -  ‘Cahiers de Doléances’

strikes historians as the decisive moment in the mass politicisation of social friction.

Tackett - political phamphlets

"Served as the battleground where political ideas formed" 

what is the third estate?

 “What is the Third Estate? Everything. What has it been hitherto in the political order? Nothing.

sieyes - national assembly

"[The Third Estate] will form a National Assembly."

Mcphee - The harvest crisis and food shortage

“As prices rose, so did the tension"

Doyle - The harvest crisis and food shortage

"Hunger, hope, and fear were the main ingredients of the rural crisis of 1789.

Shama - The harvest crisis and food shortage

"It was the connection of anger with hunger that made the Revolution possible.”

David Garrioch - The Réveillon riots

"The Réveillon riots was a curtain raiser to the French Revolution"

McPhee - bastille

"The Revolution of the bourgeoisie deputies had only been secured by the active intervention of the people of Paris."

Goodwin - Bastille

"[The fall of the Bastille] marked the end of royal despotism in France, completed the transfer of authority to the national legislature, and by encouraging the peasants to revolt, paved the war for the fall of feudalism."

Lefebvre - the Great Fear

“the Great Fear… hastened the dismantling of the Old Regime”

Doyle - The night of the 4 August 1789

the fundamental of social and institutional life had been renounced and so the whole structure of provincial, local and municipal government was also destroyed

Peter McPhee-The Enlightenment

acceptance of ideals of the Enlightenment was a symptom of a crisis of authority

Doyle-The Enlightenment

rejected the idea that the Enlightenment was the direct cause of the French Revolution

Louis - absolutism

“It is legal because I will it.”

doyle - soverntry

"If the nation was sovereign, the king no longer was" -

Doyle - Louis XIV

"It was not the strength of the opposition that prevented the crown from reforming, but the inertia, uncertainty, and irresolution of the crown itself."

Sieyes - 3rd estate

"The Third Estate has... within itself everything that is necessary to constitute a nation"

Soboul -Necker's dismissal

"[Necker's dismissal] produced an instantaneous wave of panic and fury"