bacterial growth and physiology

Asexual binary fission, can grow exponentially but NOT always

How does bacteria normally divide

100 degrees Celsius

At way temp are spores killed

Conversion of glucose into pyruvate (1ATP formed)

What is glycolysis

1ATP and and NAD+

What is required for glycolysis

Niacin or tryptophan

Where does NAD+ come from

Pyruvate accumulates and NAD+ is depleted the bacteria can convert pyruvate to lactic acid which produces more NAD+ as by product

What happens under anaerobic respiration

38

How much ATP is formed from aerobic respiration

2-38

How much ATP is formed from anaerobic respiration

2

How much ATP is formed from fermentation

O2

What is used as the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration

NO3, SO4, CO3

What is used as the final electron acceptor In anaerobic respiration

Can grow in presence or absence of O2

What is facultative anaerobic

Can not tolerate O2

What is obligate anaerobe

Only grows in the presence of O2

What is strictly aerobic

(# bacteria end/ # bacteria start)= 2^N

What equation is used to calculate doubling of bacteria growth

Time in which bacteria adjust to new environment (doesn’t grow)

What is the lag phase of bacteria growth

Bacteria rapidly divides exponentially until they run out of nutrients and lactic acid accumulates

What is the exponential phase of bacterial growth

The bacteria sense change in environment (lack on nutrients and lactic acid build up) and begin to express virulence factors

What is the stationary phase of bacterial growth

Bacterial either sit alive with no new growth or begin to die off immediately

What is the decline phase of bacterial growth

A randomly not dividing cell that is not affected by antibiotic treatment , but will then grow after treatment and can now be killed by antibiotics

What is a persister

NO

Do all bacteria grow exponentially?

Spore is formed by gram positive rod bacteria clostridium and bacillus

What is sporulation

The formation of a daughter cell that grows slower than the parent cell making them harder to kill

What is unipolar growth

Asymmetric division

How are spores formed

Steam or bleach

What can kill spores