BIOLOGY - INFECTION AND RESPONSE

what is HCG

a hormone produced by women when they’re pregnant through urine

what can be found on the righthand side of a pregnancy test strip and what happens

fixed monoclonal antibodies which are specific to HGC - if the urine contains HGC the hormone will bind to the monoclonal antibodies

what can be found on the left hand side of a pregnancy test strip ( where you wee)

blue beads which contain antibodies specific to HGC which aren’t fixed and are free to move around

what happens when a woman who isn’t pregnant urinates on the test

the blue beads will move along and over the strip containing monoclonal antibodies, not bind with them due to there being no HGC and won’t turn the strip blue

what happens when a pregnant woman urinates on a test

the blue beads will stick to the monoclonal antibodies due to it containing HGC and will turn the strip blue

what are the three forms of plant defences

physical

chemical

mechanical

list examples of each type of plant defence

physical - waxy cuticle , layers of dead cells

chemical - poisons

mechanical - thorns and hairs

where does aspirin come from

willow trees

why do plants need nitrates

to make proteins for growth

why do plants need magnesium

to make chlorophyll which is used for photosynthesis

how might you identify whether a plant is lacking in magnesium

it has yellow leaves - chlorosis

what are three physical ways to identify whether a plant has a disease

discolouration

abnormal growths/ lumps

stunted growth