Epi past year exam: Cartes | Quizlet

d) Eradicate a certain disease

Among the objectives of epidemiology is NOT:

a) Evaluate the economic effects of a disease

b) Obtain information on the behavior of a disease

c) Plan disease control programs

d) Eradicate a certain disease (Watch out! It is responsible for preventing it)

c) In the positive statistical association, the probability of a variable occurring decreases with the other, which is called a risk factor.

Point out the incorrect statement:

a) The non-statistical association is one that occurs by chance

b) The association in epidemiology is determined with tests of statistical significance.

c) In the positive statistical association, the probability of a variable occurring decreases with the other, which is called a risk factor.

d) In direct causal statistical association, the cause immediately precedes the affect.

d) Determinants

According to the probabilistic epidemiological model, those risk factors associated with the definitive presentation of a disease are called:

a) Predisposing

b) Triggers

c) flattering

d) Determinants

c) Epidemic

The presentation of a disease at a level higher than expected is called:

a) Endemic

b) Sporadic disease

c) Epidemic

d) plague

c) Incubation period

In the epidemic curves that represent epidemics by propagation, the time elapsed between two maximum points of each outbreak correspond to:

a) Propagation period

b) Latency period

c) Incubation period

d) Infection time

d) Cycle

In an epidemic disease, the distance between outbreaks is called: '

a) Seasonality

b) Secular trend

c) Incubation period

d) Cycle

d) Contagiousness

The ability of a pathogen to spread directly or indirectly is called:

a) Virulence

b) Pathogenicity

c) Antigenicity

d) Contagiousness

a) An individual is receptive to a disease when he is capable of developing that disease

8. Mark the correct answer regarding host-dependent determinants:

a) An individual is receptive to a disease when he is capable of developing that disease

b) An individual is sensitive to a disease when the causative agent can multiply in it.

c) Susceptibility and sensitivity are established at the sex level, not the species level.

d) Within the same species we can find breeds that are more susceptible and receptive than others.

c) Congenital transmission is a type of transverse transmission

9. Mark the INCORRECT answer:

a) Horizontal contagion through secretions/excretions is direct

b) Oral transmission is associated with enteric agents

c) Congenital transmission is a type of transverse transmission d) Iatrogenic transmission is a type of horizontal transmission

c) Accidental

The host that can have an infection, but not maintain or transmit it, is called:

a) Secondary

b) natural

c) Accidental

d) end

b) Reservoir

What is any living or inert substrate that can harbor an infectious agent and act as a source of infection for a new individual called?

a) Host

b) Reservoir

c) Host

d) Vector

b) The true incidence is usually measured in closed populations

Mark the correct statement:

a) The incidence values require at least two studies

b) The true incidence is usually measured in closed populations

c) The crude mortality rate refers to the number of animals killed by a specific disease

d) In the calculation of the cumulative incidence, the animals that get sick gradually disappear from the denominator

d) Association

In epidemiology the degree of dependence or independence of the variables is called:

a) Causality

b) Confusion

c) Variability

d) Association

e) Risk

d) Pathogenicity

The ability of a causative agent to generate disease is called: a) Contagiousness

b) Virulence

c) Infectivity

d) Pathogenicity

d) Primary

The host that can help maintain and transmit the disease is called:

a) Secondary

b) natural

c) Accidental

d) Primary

b) "Memory biases" are a type of information bias

16. Mark the CORRECT statement:

a) The confusion error is characteristic of surveys

b) "Memory biases" are a type of information bias

c) Confounding errors can be detected by appropriate statistical treatments

d) Information bias is linked to the data collection system

a) The first questions should be personal and open

Point out the FALSE statement regarding the preparation of questionnaires:

a) The first questions should be personal and open

b) When there are open and closed questions on the same subject, it will be necessary to start with the open ones.

c) The results obtained in the test phase of the questionnaire will not be included in the final result of the epidemiological study.

d) The most widely used reliability test is internal consistency.

b) Age of animals

The shape of an epidemic curve does NOT depend on what factor?

a) Infectivity

b) Age of animals

c) Density of animals

d) Proportion of receptive animals

c) If more populations (farms) are affected than are freed from the disease

19.The relative removal rate indicates: =

a)The number of sick animals

b) The number of populations (farms) affected by a disease

c) If more populations (farms) are affected than are freed from the disease

d) The number of populations (farms) affected from the first

a) By arthropod vectors

Which of these types of transmission is considered indirect horizontal?

a) By arthropod vectors

b) Due to surgical interventions

c) Sexual transmission

d) Congenital transmission

b) Questionnaires

Which of these is NOT a secondary data source?

a) Veterinary clinics

b) Questionnaires

c) Slaughterhouse records

d) Zoos

d) All answers are correct.

What causes errors in studies based on secondary data sources?

a) To false data

b) To incorrect data

c) Incomplete data

d) All answers are correct.

b) Animal production

23. Epidemiology is most closely related to which of these disciplines?

a) Surgery

b) Animal production

c) Ethology

d) Parasitology

b) Contagious

Which of the following special distribution patterns corresponds to infectious diseases?

a) regular

b) contagious

c) Random

d) Irregular

a) Animal breed

Which of these elements does not depend on the environment?

a) animal breed

b) Air

c) Accommodation

d) Wildlife

d) Prevalence and incidence are epidemiological indicators

Mark the correct statement:

a) The proportion does not include the numerator in the denominator

b) The ratio takes values between 0 and 1

c) The rate is expressed with integer values

d) Prevalence and incidence are epidemiological indicators

c) Self-completed questionnaires do not require a cultural level of the interviewee

Mark the FALSE statement: -

a) The self-completed questionnaires are sent by mail

b) Through personal interviews the highest percentage of responses is obtained

c) Self-completed questionnaires do not require a cultural level of the interviewee

d) Telephone interviews present an intermediate cost between that of self-completed questionnaires and personal interviews.

c) Slaughterhouses can anticipate the spatial distribution of outbreaks of certain diseases.

Mark the CORRECT answer:

a) Private laboratories offer more reliable information than public laboratories

b) Sanitation campaigns have the disadvantage that they are only carried out on certain breeds

c) Slaughterhouses can anticipate the spatial distribution of outbreaks of certain diseases.

d) Regression phase

In epidemiological curves, the portion that falls between the epidemic peak and the endemic level is called:

a) Propagation phase

b) Period of progression

c) Incubation period

d) Regression phase

a) Whenever possible, it is recommended to use quantitative measurement scales

30. Mark the CORRECT answer, regarding the preparation of questionnaires:

a) Whenever possible, it is recommended to use quantitative measurement scales

b) Race and sex are quantitative variables

c) Qualitative scales can be transformed into quantitative ones

d) The weight of the animals is a qualitative variable