2021_10_17_HB_lipid_metab_II

Lipid Catabolism

The process of breaking down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol for energy production.

Bile Acids

Substances essential for the emulsification of lipids, allowing them to be digested.

Lipoproteins

Complexes of lipids and proteins that transport lipids through the blood, including types like chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL.

Fatty Acid Activation

The process of attaching coenzyme A to a fatty acid to prepare it for transport into mitochondria.

Beta Oxidation

A metabolic process that breaks down fatty acids to generate acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle.

Acyl-CoA Synthetase

The enzyme that catalyzes the activation of fatty acids by attaching coenzyme A.

Carnitine Shuttle

A mechanism that transports activated fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane.

Thiolysis

The process in beta oxidation that removes acyl-CoA and adds a second molecule of CoA, producing acetyl-CoA.

Hydration Reaction

A reaction in beta oxidation where water is added, converting enoyl-CoA into 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA.

Dehydrogenation Reaction

A reaction in beta oxidation involving the oxidation of hydroxyl groups to ketone groups, producing NADH.